5 schedules in laboratory or field practical in certain hospital. In the other hand, the
nursing students are demanded to have ability in speaking using international language to support their professionalism. This is one factor which persuades the
researcher to create a mobile English learning tool for nursing students which can be accessed by the students anytime and anywhere.
As information and communication technology grow rapidly, the most recent operating system for gadget is Android. Most gadgets use Android for their
operating system Android OS. Android is an open source mobile operating system that has been supported by Google Corporation, the world leading search
engine company. The pervasive adoption of android in the mobile market is that mobile applications developed using android technology is more efficient and
effective compared with other technologies, such as Window or Symbian operating systems. Android operating system is producing fast, user friendly and
appealing application Hanafi, 2012: vol.3 no.3. In the android smartphones or tablets people can download many applications from Google play store such as
games, social medias, tools, musics, books, etc. But, most people only use this kind of gadget for entertainment. The researcher, therefore, wants to utilize this
gadget with android operating system as a media to transfer English materials in the form of Active English for Nursing AFORN
– an m-learning model to enhance nursin
g students‟ speaking skill.
B. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
Active English for Nursing AFORN is a different model of learning English language which is aimed to students of diploma program in health science
6 of health polytechnic Politeknik Kesehatan YogyakartaPoltekkes Yogyakarta
especially students of Nursing Program. Since the English curriculum for Nursing Program at Poltekkes Yogyakarta implement English for Specific Purpose ESP,
this learning model is created in the form of android application which contains various materials and exercises related with English proficiency for health
practitioner, especially for nursing students. The English material will be specified into communicative skill focusing on speaking skills. The English material found
in the m-learning model, AFORN which is installed in mobile phone with Android as the operating system could be a kind of reachable learning model
which can be accessed anytime and anywhere. Students of a three year diploma program in Poltekkes Yogyakarta
especially in Nursing Department are the busiest students among students from other departments. They are very busy with their practical schedules from other
subjects which are related in health sciences. They have English lesson only once a week in two semesters semester 3 and semester 4. They are supposed to be
able to communicate in English both oral and written. They need more practice in English, not only in the classroom where they have English lesson, but they are
supposed to be able to get access to English materials anytime and anywhere. Since they are so busy with their practical schedules for other subjects, they nearly
have no time to learn and practice English. To help the students get closer to English lesson, there must be a kind of learning media as a supporting tool for
learning English which is accessible and attractive. Gadgets such as smart phones and tablets using Android as the Operating
System Android Os are easily available. Almost all the students and also
7 lecturers have gadgets with Android Os. The researcher finds the gadgets very
beneficial as a tool for language learning. So, the researcher designs a kind of supporting tool which can be installed in any gadgets smart phones or tablets
with Android Os. The students need learning tool which has portability and connectivity Miangah Nezaret, 2012. The learning media is m-learning model
in the form of android application, called Active English for Nursing AFORN. By using the AFORN, the students will be helped in learning English everywhere
and every time in addition to classroom activity because learning English in classroom situation as in schedule is not effective for practice.
C. PROBLEM LIMITATION
The research is only focus on researching and developing an m-learning model in the form of Android application called AFORN Active English for
Nursing as a supporting tool or media to improve the speaking skills of nursing students. So, in this research, there is no other method experimental study to
identify the effectiveness of the application because in order to know the effectiveness of the application, the researcher conducted data gathering by
sharing questionnaire and doing deep interview with the students. This application contains supplementary materials especially designed for
nursing students. The goals, objectives, and topics of this application were made in accordance with the syllabus and reference books used in nursing program in
Poltekkes. The application has five units materials; Unit 1 Starting An Intervention, Unit 2 Asking the Dimension of Symptom, Unit 3 Giving
Injection, 4 Applying Infusion, and Unit 5 Taking the Lab Sample. Each
8 unit is completed with materials, activities or exercises related with each topic
presented in the application. So, when the students do not feel satisfied with the English lesson given in the classroom, they can still get the access to English
lesson through their android smart phones or tablets. By doing so, learning English while practicing is possibly done in every time and wherever they are
without any limitation. The process if learning will also be more interesting. The reason why Android application is chosen as the platform in
developing the learning model is intimately associated with the terms specified by SEAMOLEC as the sponsor. SEAMOLEC requires all the students sponsored by
SEAMOLEC to conduct a research on Android application as a learning model. The population used in the sampling of this research is also limited to the semester
IV students of a three year diploma program in nursing, Nursing Department of Poltekkes Yogyakarta.
D. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
There some problem formulations which are going to be discussed. The problems are focused on the form and implementation of m-learning model in the
form of Android applic ation to enhance nursing students‟ speaking skill:
1. What does the iconic model of AFORN m-learning model to enhance speaking skill for nursing students look like?
2. How does the AFORN enhance the speaking skill for Nursing students?
9
E. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study are to answer the questions presented in the research questions. First, the this research aims to present the final version of
Active English for Nursing AFORN, an m-learning model in the form of Android application which can be installed in mobile phones with Android as the
operating system Android Os. The m-learning model was developed especially for nursing students to enhance their English competence, especially speaking
skill. In this study, the researcher employed the instructional design using ADDIE model Rodgers, 2002 which will be combined with RD cycle Borg Gall,
1983. The second goal of this study is to identify how the AFORN help the
nursing students enhance their speaking skill in accordance with the goal of English lesson in Nursing department which is aiming at improving their speaking
skill.
F. PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
AFORN Active English for Nursing is an m-learning model in the form of Android application which was developed above Android platform. The
application can be installed to any gadgets with Android Os such as smart phones and tablets. It is developed specifically for nursing students to help them get
access on English materials, especially material for speaking skill without any restriction on physical location due to its portability and connectivity since the
application installed in mobile phones smart phones or tablets Miangah Nezaret, 2012 .
