BOTANI RISET BIDANG KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI

53 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010

D. BOTANI

D.1 Alpha, Beta and Gamma Diversity of Ferns on Tropical Islands of Diferent Sizes in Indonesia Tujuan Peneliian : Melakukan survei terhadap keanekaragaman dan distribusi Berbagai species pakis. Bidang Peneliian : Botani Lama Peneliian : 12 dua belas bulan, mulai 25 Maret 2010. Daerah Peneliian : Maluku Utara Tidore, Sangeang Api, Kabaena, Bacan; Maluku, P. Buru dan P. Seram; NTB P. Lombok, Sulawesi dan Papua. Mitra Kerja : Dr. Dedy Darnaedy dan Arief Hidayat, S. Si., Pusat Peneliian Biologi – LIPI. Abstrak The project focuses on the biodiversity of ferns and the factors determining species richness. In the last decades, a lot of research has been conducted investigating the question why we have places with many species high biodiversity while other places have few species low biodiversity. Many theories have been made, but many of them still could not be proven with actual data from the field. One of them is the theory of islands biogeography, which tries to explain why some islands are rich in species and others are poor. Although this theory was first introduced in the 1960’s, there are still many uncertainties. One of these uncertainties.is how the number of species biodiversity changes on islands of different sizes. To investigate the effects of area on the different levels of biodiversity, we want to survey islands of different size in Indonesia. D.1. 1 Mr. Dirk Nikolaus Karger 88 Tempat dan Tgl. Lahir : Paderborn, 30 Desember 1980 Warga Negara : Jerman Jabatan : Ph. D Student Insitusi : The Insitute for Systemaic Botany, University of Zurich Email : dirk.kargersystbot.uzh.ch Address : In der Farb 4b 8618 Oetwil am See Switzerland. 54 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010 D.2 Analysis and Conservaion of Plant Diversity at Primeval Tropical Forest at the Area of Heart of Borneo” Tujuan Peneliian : Menelii variasi geneik, species dan karakter morfologik keanekaragaman tumbuhan Kalbar Bidang Peneliian : Botani Lama Peneliian : 1 satu bulan mulai 14 Desember 2010 Daerah Peneliian : Kalbar TN Betung Kerihun, Putussibau dan Kapuas Hulu Mitra Kerja : Pusat Peneliian Biologi LIPI Dr. Dedy Darnaedi Abstrak: At the present, biodiversities at the primeval forests in wet tropics are very important research target in the world, because, at the first, first, for the proposal of counter plan against the global warming temperature, forests at wet tropics should be conserved, and then its biodiversities contained in the forests are quite important resources for maintenance of comfortable lives of coming generations. Most organisms inhabited at the areas are not used for civilized areas so far, but are considered to have unlimited potentialities of improvement of human lives. Those organisms are, however, apprehensive to be extinct before they are scientifically known, or to be completely lost before usage for human lives. How to conserve the primeval forest at wet tropics is one of very important items to improve environmental bad condition of the earth. This research is planed to co-work together Japanese specialists of plant taxonomy at wet tropics with Indonesian specialists actually acting to conserve natural forests in the areas. We share the information what is the problem, where is under severe conditions, and so on, co-work together at the fields, further hope to establish the storage system of gene resources. These points are advance from previous plants. Therefore we can contribute deeply to improvement of our societies, we believe. D.2.1 Dr. Hiroshi Okada 89 Tempat dan tgl. lahir : Totori, 21 – 03 – 1947 Warga Negara : Jepang Jabatan : Professor Insitusi : Botanic Garden, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University Email : horokada1234hotmail.co.jp Alamat : 4-5-6 Ohsumigaoka, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 810-0351, Japan 55 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010 D.2.2 Dr. Hidetoshi Nagamasu 90 Tempat dan tgl. lahir : Nagasaki, 06 – 03 – 1961 Warga Negara : Jepang Jabatan : Associate Professor Insitusi : The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University Email : - Alamat : - D.2.3 Dr. Hirokazu Tsukaya 91 Tempat dan tgl. lahir : Kanagawa, 18 – 10 – 1964 Warga Negara : Jepang Jabatan : Professor Insitusi : Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo Email : - Alamat : - D.3 A Monography of Sumatran Begonia Tujuan Peneliian : Mengumpulkan sampel tumbuhan Begonia dari genus Angiosperm dan family lainnya untuk mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan tentang tumbuhan Begonia Sumatra. Bidang Peneliian : Botani Lama Peneliian : dua bulan, mulai 30 Juli 2010. Daerah Peneliian : Sumbar Sungai Pinang, P. Pasumpahan; Bengkulu G. Tangkoko, D. Ranau, Bukit Barisan Selatan, Sumsel G. Dempo, Lampung G. Tanggamus. Mitra Kerja : Deden Girmasyah, M. Sc., Pusat Peneliian Biologi - LIPI. Abstrak A plant collecting expedition to West and South Sumatra is planned from 26th July to 20th August. This will concentrate on Begonia, but will also cover other plant families. Her- barium specimens, silica dried material and living material will be collected. All material will be dealt with according to the MOU and MTA between the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and the Indonesian Institute of Sciences specifically Kebun Raya Bogor and the Research Centre for Biology. Begonia specimens will be collected to allow the completion of a monograph of Sumatran Begonia. This is a project of mutual research interest between the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburg and Herbarium Bogoriense. 56 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010 Material of other families will be collected to contribute the general collections of Indonesian herbaria and to the knowledge of Indonesian plant biodiversity. It is planned to go to localities visited by William Jack in the 1820’s. All of jacks specimens were lost in a ship fire, leaving the plant names published by him without type material. The expedition will provide new material and stabilize the nomenclature of Indonesian plants. D.3.1 Dr. Mark Hughes 92 Tempat dan tgl. lahir : Barrow in Furness, 3 Februari 1970 Warga Negara : Inggris Jabatan : Researcher Insitusi : Royal Botanical Garden Edinburg Tropical Botanist Email : m.hughesrbge.ac.uk Alamat : Royal Botanic Garden Edinburg, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburg D.4 Biogeochemical and Ecological Signiicance of Mycorrhiza Mineral weathering Tujuan Peneliian : Mempelajari peningnya aspek-aspek biogeokimia dan ekologi tumbuhan Mycorrhiza Bidang Peneliian : Botani Lama Peneliian : 12 duabelas bulan Daerah Peneliian : Sumut D. Toba dan Padang Sidempuan Mitra Kerja : Pusat Peneliian Biologi LIPI Dr. Karini Kramadibrata Abstrak Mycorrhiza is a widespread and evolutionary old mutual symbiosis which is formed between plants and fungi in the root zone. More than 80 of surveyed plant species and 92 of plant families form mycorrhizas, and evidence exists that mycorrhiza was already helping the first vascular plant to concuer land more than 400 million year ago. The most ancient and still the most widespread from of mycorrhiza is the arbuscular mycorrhiza AM established by fungi of the glomeromycota penetrating the cortical root cells of the plant and forming free like structures in the parenchyma. In these structures, photosynthates and nutrients are exchanged between the partners. In the course of evaluation AM was replaced several times by economically cheap outsourcing of the plant’s root depletion zones via smaller hyphone, allowing for a better exploitation of the pore water and nutrient ions. This is changed by several originally mycorrhized plant families which gave up mycorrhiza in favour of investment into their own root system or the broad abundance of AM mycorrhized plants on extremely young soil where nutrients in ionic form are usually little available. ECM mycorrhiza fungi are often believed for their parentage from saprotrophic fungi to be specialized in facilitating nutrient cycling of plant residues, especially N and P. Despite this, the ecosystem with the larges amounts, of residues and the quickes nutrient cycling observed, the tropical lowland forests, rely 57 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010 predominantly on AM symbiosis. Since AM fungi were not found to break down organic matter directly but instead absorb inorganic ions mineralized by other soil microflora, this might indicate that saprotrophic decomposers could be of larger importance for nutrient cycling than mycorrhiza in some cases. Nevertheless, ECM dominance is at least realized by the Dipterocarp forests in tropical Asia. Concerning N limitation there are also species containing N-fixing Rhizobium rhizobionts, clearly making nitrogen supply via mycorrhiza dispensable. In term of acquisition of earth alkali and alkali metal ion from the soil solution once again the secondarily non-mycorrhizal plants demonstrate the high ability of plant roots in ion uptake, especially on old and deeply weathered soil where nutrient are predominantly available in ionic form. Furthermore, additional supply of nutrient to AM dominated tropical forest equaling or overcoming the losses via leaching are deposited in form of unweathered substrate mostly AM, shallow soils with accessible bedrock AM, ECM, deeply weathered soil depending on dust deposition AM and the absence of mycorrhiza on soil rich in ion nutrients suggests mineral weathering as the key process offered by mycorrhiza. The existence of such a key process in also likely from on evolutionary point of view when taking the persistence of both mycorrhiza types into account. Thus selection must have optimized function on species level instead of conserving mycorrhiza if there were no unique abilities on each partners, side justifying energetic investments. Indeed, mineral weathering of mycorrhiza has been observed in the field in case of ECM and in several in vitro experiments, both for AM and ECM mycorrhizal weathering compared to the other described mycorrhizal services at ecosystem scale. Therefore we will conduct a global assessment of mycorrhizal weathering in a semi-quantitative approach by exposing selected minerals and organic materials to roots, mycorrhiza and bacteria along as adaphic and phylogenetic gradient under contrasting mycorrhiza regimes AM vs ECM. Furthermore, we will compare the observed weathering pattern in matching in- vitro microcosm experiments, while investigating the involved weathering processed by state-of-the-art surface related methods and biomarker analytics. D.4.1 Dr. Jens Boy 93 Tempat dan tgl. lahir : Lich, 23 – 10 – 1972 Warga Negara : Jerman Jabatan : Assistant Professor Insitusi : The Insitute of Soil ScienceSoil Chemistry Division of the Leibniz University of Hannover E-mail : boyibk.uni-hannover.de Alamat : Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany 58 Sekretariat Perizinan Penelitian Asing Kementerian Riset Dan Teknologi DIREKTORI PENELITIAN ASING DI INDONESIA 2010

E. ZOOLOGI