Meaning-based Translation Preparing the manuscript for the publisher

20 understood by TL users who are not familiar with SL text. It is important to avoid ambiguities so it will not cause a confusion from the readers. Table 2.2 Scoring Criteria Score Criteria 3-4 Poor 5-6 Sufficient 7-8 Good 9-10 Very Good 11-12 Excellent Then, the second criteria of an acceptable translation is natural. Natural means the TL users are familiar with the idiomatic forms used. To be natural, the translator should translate ideas, not words Larson, 1984. Awkward sentences and transitions that make a translation sound awkward should be avoided. The last thing is accuracy. It means in translating SL into TL, the information should be preserved. The information is transferred without omission, addition, or deletion Larson, 1984. Since translation is not only concerned about changing words; it is also concerned about the culture of both SL and TL, some adjustment should be made. Necessary addition and deletion related to the information are acceptable as long as the purpose of this addition and deletion is to elaborate the information which is unknown to the TL users. In doing so, the researcher makes a rubric helped by the expert in translation. The rubric itself is not perfect from the beginning, so the researcher consults the expert in translation for several times. Table 2.3 shows the first rubric made by the researcher. 21 Table 2.3 First Acceptability Rubric made by the Researcher Score Category 4 Idiomatic 3 Near Idiomatic 2 Modified Literal 1 Very Literal Clear The readers understand the intended meaning of the text. The sentences flow smoothly. The readers understand the intended meaning of the text. Some transitions are presented but not throughout the text. The readers hardly understand the intended meaning of the text. Some transitions are awkward. The readers have difficulty in understanding the intended meaning of the text. Transitions are not presented. Natural Ideas, not words, are translated meaning-based translation in the natural form of the receptor language. Sentence structure is correct. Punctuation and capitalization are correct. Ideas, not words, are translated meaning-based translation in the natural form of the receptor language without losing the original language. Sentence structure is generally correct. One or two punctuation capitalization error. Sentence structures are modified but do not sound natural. Some sentence structures are error. Three or four punctuation capitalization error. Only words are translated form- based translation. Sentence structures are incorrect. Four or more punctuation capitalization error. Accurate The information is preserved no addition, deletion, and difference Necessary additions and deletion appear yet the information is preserved. Unnecessary additions appear. The information is hardly preserved. Addition, deletion, and difference alter the content of the information. Score: 1-4= unacceptable 4-8= corrections are needed 9-12= acceptable For the first rubric, the researcher has not provided a clear scoring criteria and because of that, the expert suggests to check the translation criteria proposed by Machali 2000. Then, for the second consultation, the researcher comes up with the scoring criteria and improves the rubric by combining it with the translation criteria. After checking the rubric carefully, the expert suggests some aspects and proper criteria for the translation. Then, the rubric is going into several corrections and the acceptability rubric is finally done. The final PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI