18 this step, the reviewer not only checks the clarity and naturalness, but he or she
needs to check the accuracy.
5. Readability tests
The readability test is done by asking someone to read the text aloud. The hesitation or the mistaken part should be marked and asked to the respondent.
Some questions related to the difficulty of reading should be prepared and asked.
6. Consistency checks
Consistency checks deal with the term used in the text. If there are some foreign words in the text, they should be carefully checked. This consistency
check is done to communicate the same meaning. Some questions should be prepared in this consistency check to be analyzed further.
7. Using the testing results
The testing results are used to do the next stages, which are preparation, analysis, transfer, initial draft, reworking the initial draft, testing the translation,
polishing the manuscript, and preparing the manuscript for the publisher. Some checking should be done again to make sure that the tests are valid and acceptable.
e. Acceptable Translation
The goal of translation is to produce an acceptable translation. Acceptable translation is a translation which can fulfil three categories, namely accurate,
clear, and natural Larson, 1984, p. 485. Besides, some criteria are also important to know the quality of the translation. Machali, 2000, suggested the criteria to
judge a translation product as shown in table 2.1. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
19
Table 2.1 Translation Criteria Suggested by Machali, 2000 Category
Score Indicator
Excellent 86-90
A It is delivered naturally; does not feel like a translation.
There are no spelling mistakes; no grammatical mistakes; no vocabulary mistakes.
Very good 76-85
B There is no distortion of meaning; no awkward literal
translation. There are no vocabulary mistakes; only one or two spelling mistakes in Arabic, no spelling mistakes are
allowed.
Good 61-75
C There is no distortion of meaning; literal translation is not
more than 15 of the translation and does not feel like a translation so much. Grammatical mistakes are not more
than 15 of the translation. Only one or two non-standard terms. Only one or two spelling mistakes in Arabic, no
spelling mistakes are allowed.
Sufficient 46-60
D It feels like a translation; some literal translation but not
more than 25. Some idiomatic and grammatical mistakes, but not more than 25 from the whole text. Only one or
two non-standardnot common and unclear terms.
Poor
20-45 E
It sounds like a translation; too many awkward literal translation more than 25 of the whole text. Distortions
of meanings and vocabulary mistakes are more than 25 of the whole text.
Based on the criteria, the researcher made the acceptability rubric and helped by an expert in translation. The rubric is a compilation of some theories in
translation. The criteria were divided into four namely idiomatic, near idiomatic, modified literal, and very literal. The scoring was adapted from Machali 2000
and they are divided into five categories. The highest total score would be 12 and it made the excellent translation. In the contrary, the lowest total score would be 3
and it made the poor translation. Detailed scoring of the translation is expressed in Table 2.2.
Firstly, an acceptable translation is clear. A translation is clear when it can communicate with the TL users Larson, 1984. Being clear means it can be
