preferred in this research, since the answers needed were in the form of information about the participants’ views, opinions, and attitudes. Unstructured
interview is more flexible than structured interview.
D. Research Procedures
The data needed in this research was gathered using the following procedures: a.
Making and distributing questionnaires. b.
Interviewing the participants. This was done to obtain more complete information.
c. Analyzing the result of the questionnaires and interviews.
d. Developing supplementary English instructional materials using short
story. e.
Making some revision based on the result of the evaluation. The pre-design survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to three
classes of sixth grade students of Catur Tunggal IV Depok, elementary school, Yogyakarta or forty-six students as the sample of the needs survey. The informal
interview was held to gain information from the elementary English teachers and English for children instructors.
E. Data Analysis and Procedure
In this research, a descriptive data analysis was chosen. The use of descriptive data analysis in this descriptive study was aimed to solve the problem of what a set
of supplementary English instructional materials using short stories to promote the students’ values of life for the sixth grade of elementary school students looks like.
The descriptive data analysis was chosen to evaluate the proposed set of supplementary English instructional materials using short stories to promote the
students’ values of life for the sixth grade of elementary school students. The data was taken from the questionnaires and interviews.
The data of the questionnaires for the students as the need survey was calculated as follows:
Note: N
N : the number of students who choose certain answer ----- x100
ΣN ΣN : the total number of students
To assess the participants’ opinions on the designed material, the writer used closed-questions and open-questions and interview to gain the participants’
opinions, criticism and suggestions. The two questionnaire types are used in order to conduct the survey for the designed materials evaluation.
The scale of the post-design survey assesses attitude toward a topic by presenting a set of statements about the topic and asking participants to indicate for each,
whether they strongly agree, agree, are undecided, disagree, or strongly disagree Ary et al., 2002:224. There were five points of agreements as follows:
1 = if the participant strongly disagreed with the statement 2 = if the participant disagreed with the statement
3 = if the participant was undecided 4 = if the participant agreed with the statement
5 = if the participant strongly agreed with the statement
The data was measured by central tendency. Indicator was used to compute the data.
Mean Mn : an average of all the scores in a distribution was found by adding all scores and dividing it by the number of
cases. The formulations to get the central tendency are:
X =
∑ X Notes: X = mean
∑ = the sum of N
X = raw score N = number of participants
The table of measures of central tendency is presented below: Central Tendency
No Participants’ opinion
N Mn
Grand mean
Table 3.2: The Descriptive Statistics of the Participants’ Opinion on the Designed Materials.
The writer used mean or average point because it was the indicator of the central tendency of the set scores. It was a reliable and stable indicator in dealing
with thematic analysis and normal distribution. When the average point is between 3.5 and 5, it means that the designed materials do not need significant revision
because they have been appropriate for the students. When the average point is less than 3,5, the writer needs to revise it.
Those scores showed whether a set of supplementary English instructional materials using short stories to promote the students’ values of life for the sixth
grade of elementary school students were appropriate or not.
The other results of the research were the participants’ recommendations. These
included their opinions on strengths, weakness and their suggestions on the supplementary English instructional materials.
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CHAPTER IV STUDY RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
