Character Definition of Terms

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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW

This following chapter elaborates the five sections namely the Review of Related Theories, Critical Approaches, Theoretical Framework, Criticism, and Context of the Novel. In this study, those five sections are used to analyze and comprehend Llewellyn’s novel, If I were You deeper.

A. Review of Related Theories

Here, the theories related to the study are going to be identified. To analyze the work of literature, such as novels, and short stories, this study needs to employ theory of literature including Theory of Character and Characterization. The theory will be explained as follows:

1. Theory of Character and Characterization

According to Holman and Harmon, character is “The idea of moral or constitution of human personality, the presence the moral value of the creature in the art in the form of human being. The character is also the description of a person who has some definite qualities.” 18 from reading a book of Merriam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature 1995, there are found some definitions of the word of character. The first definition is defining character as a descriptive, often satiric analysis usually in the form of short 10 11 literary sketch of a human virtue or vice or of a general type of human character. The second is character as the personality that is presented or realized in fiction or drama. The third one is character is defining as one of the person of drama or novel. From those definitions, it can be assumed that characters may be widely considered as an essential element of fictional works, especially novels and plays. Characters make the story of a literary work seems to be real. The readers can enjoy and follow the story through the characters actions and speeches. So, it is necessary for the authors who write novels or other literary works that they have enough skills in order to present their ideas into the story through the characters’ descriptions. From www.wikipedia.com accessed on March 15 th , 2007, there are written several types of fictional characters. Those are Iconic characters that are well known outside of the work from which they come, for examples Superman, James Bond, Conan, etc. Dynamic characters are characters that change significantly during the course of the story including changes insight or understanding, changes in commitment, and changes in value. Static characters do not undertake significant changes. Whether round or flat, their personalities remain essentially stable throughout the story. This is commonly done with the secondary characters in order to let them serve as thematic or plot elements. The other two popular kinds of character are protagonists and antagonists. Protagonist characters are considered as the driver of the story, the one who forces the action that is defined as “Pursue and Consideration” characteristic. Antagonist characters are the characters directly opposed to the protagonists Colwell, 1968: 15.