B. The Procedure of Translation
1. Definition
There are distinctions in science of translation. The distinction is in mentioning the certain way of translator to translate words, phrases, clauses, and
sentences. Newmark states it as translation procedure.
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Baker says this concept as translation strategy.
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Moreover, Molina and Albir mention this notion as translation technique.
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Which is the right term whether procedure, strategy, or technique is?
To make it clear, it’s better to see each definition in dictionary. Based on Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, procedure is “a way of doing something,
especially the usual or correct way”.
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In Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia KBBI, prosedur
as an equivalent of procedure refers to “tahap kegiatan untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah; metode langkah demi langkah secara pasti dalam
memecahkan suatu masalah”.
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a step of activity to solve the problem or a step by step method exactly in solving the problem.
The word “strategy” means “a plan that is intended to achieve a particular purpose.”
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The other definition is “rencana yang cermat mengenai kegiatan untuk mencapai sasaran khusus”.
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a neatly plan of activity to get a certain goal. While,
34
Peter Newmark 1988, op.cit. pp. 81-91.
35
Mona Baker, In Other Words Newyork: Routledge, 1992, pp. 26-42
36
Lucia Molina and Amparo. H. Albir, “Translation Techniques Revisited: A Dynamic and Functionalist Approach”, Meta: Translators’ Journal. Vol.47 no.4 2002, pp. 509-511.
Accessed on January 2
th
2011.http:www.erudit.orgrevuemeta2002v47n4008033ar.pdf.
37
A.S. Hornby 2000, op.cit. p. 1050.
38
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia: Edisi Keempat Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2008, p. 1106.
39
A.S. Hornby 2000, op.cit. p. 1336.
40
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional 2008, op.cit. p. 1340.
“a particular way of doing something, especially one in which you have to learn special skills” is mentioned as technique.
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According to KBBI, technique that refers to teknik, is “cara kepandaian dsb membuat atau melakukan sesuatu yang
berhubungan dengan seni; metode atau sistem mengerjakan sesuatu”.
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a way or talent in making or doing something which is related to arts; method or system in
doing something All of three types states the rather same definition, that is a way in doing
something, but there are little diverse. The procedure is specialized in “usual or correct way” and “to solve the problem”. The strategy has the particular concept,
which are “a plan” and “to achieve the aim”, while, the certain notion in definition of technique are “skills” and “talent”.
Based on the translation of cultural words context, something that is needed is a right way in solving the problem, such as non-equivalence or hard in
finding the equivalence. Therefore, “procedure” is the best term of all. In this case, procedure is a correct way to cope the problem which is non-equivalence or
hard to find the equivalence between source language and target language both it is caused by “sui generis” the characteristic language itself and the distinction in
culture as an implementation to get the idiomatic translation or adequate translation.
41
A.S. Hornby 2000, op.cit. p. 1388.
42
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional 2008, op.cit. p. 1422.
2. Kinds of Translation Procedures
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