Type of the Research Research Setting

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E. Procedure of the Research

The Diagram of Action Research Cycles According to Burns Rcn = Determining the Thematic Concern P = Planning AR = Action and Observation R = Reflection Oc = Outcome

1. Determining the Thematic Concern-Recoinnaisance

We did reconnaissance step to find out information concerning the speaking ability of the students. Based on the interview and observation in the field, we identified the existing problem. Then, we determined the thematic concern. The problems were obtained from the information of the research members, i. e. the headmaster, the English teacher, and the students. Having been identified, those problems were grouped based on the possibilities to P AR R P AR R Rcn Oc 63 be overcome. In grouping them, we considered the scale of priorities and the feasibility to solve the problems.

2. Planning

After we identified the problems, we made some planning to choose the actions that were feasible to be implemented. We cooperated with the other research members in planning some actions. We discussed the possibility and the scale of priorities of the implementation in the field. This research involved the English teacher, the students, the peer-collaborator and I.

a. Designing Lesson Plans

After designing the syllabus, we designed the lesson plans. They contained objectives, tasks, and some other aspects for a set of complete learning process in a classroom. The lesson plans were designed in order to make the action in every meeting more systematic, accurate, and also contextual. The lesson plans were designed in line with the implementation of cooperative learning to improve students’ speaking skills. There were several lesson plans for the complete action research. Moreover, in designing the lesson plans, we also determined the instruments to collect the data. The instruments mainly consisted of field notes, mobile phones, observation sheets, interview sheets, questionnaires, journals, classroom documents, and other instruments. The use of instruments depended on the type of the data will be gathered.