students’ confidence, interest, and active participation in learning English speaking. They also decided to use some media and materials from many
sources which were appropriate with the curriculum and the students’ needs. Besides, the teacher needed to make a comfortable atmosphere so
that the students would learn effectively without feeling anxious and afraid of making mistakes. By doing these changes, the students were
expected to be better learners. They became active, attentive, responsive, and confident learners. The table below gives us explanation of the most
feasible problems arising in learning speaking.
Table 4: The Most Feasible Problems of Speaking in Class XI IIS 3 at SMA N 1 Wonosari
No. The Feasible Problems
1. The students produced incorrect pronunciation.
2. The students lacked vocabulary mastery.
3. The students were shy and not confident to speak English.
4. The students were afraid of making mistakes when they spoke.
5. The students made grammatical mistakes frequently.
6. The students had low motivation in learning English.
7. The students frequently used their mother language in the
classroom. 8.
The materials given only relied on textbooks. 9.
There were no interesting media to support the teaching and learning process
10. The activities were monotonous and not interesting.
3. Determining Actions to Solve the Feasible Problems
After selecting the most feasible problems to be solved and also the possible causes, the researcher together with her collaborator designed
some actions to solve the problems. They used the video recording project as the treatment in the teaching and learning process. It gave the
students a big chance to get involved actively in the learning process and it trained them to be autonomous learners.
To support the main actions, the researcher and the collaborator proposed some supporting actions. They were pronunciation drills,
vocabulary practices, using classroom English and giving feedback on the
students’ work, giving handouts, and asking them to bring their dictionaries. The use of various media such as videos, pictures, and
authentic materials would be one of the considerations to make the teaching and learning process more enjoyable and interesting.
By employing these supporting actions, the researcher hoped it would overcome the crucial problems of teaching and learning process so
that the students were able to improve their speaking skills. The relation between the feasible problems and the actions that would be
implemented can be seen as follows.
Table 5: The Feasible Problems Needed to be Solved and the Solutions
No. The Feasible Problems
The Solutions
1. The students produced incorrect
pronunciation. a Conducting
pronunciation drills. b Using interesting media
such as videos, pictures, and authentic materials
c Asking the students to bring the dictionary.
2. The students lacked vocabulary
mastery. a Conducting vocabulary
practices. b Using interesting media
such as videos, pictures, and authentic materials.
continued
continued
No. The Feasible Problems
The Solutions
c Asking the students to bring the dictionary.
3. The students were shy and not
confident to speak English. a Implementing the video
recording project. b Giving feedback on the
students’ work. 4.
The students were afraid of making mistakes when they spoke.
a Implementing the video recording project.
b Giving feedback on the students’ work.
c Asking the students to bring the dictionary.
5. The students made grammatical
mistakes frequently. a Giving handouts related
to the
grammatical mistake activities.
b Asking the students to bring the dictionary.
c Giving feedback on the students’ work
6. The students had low motivation in
learning English. a Implementing
video recording project.
b Using interesting media such as videos, pictures,
and authentic materials. c Using classroom English
optimally during
the teaching-learning
process. 7.
The students frequently used their mother tongue in the classroom.
a Using classroom English optimally
during the
teaching-learning process.
b Conducting vocabulary practices.
c Giving feedback on the students’ work
8. The materials given only relied on
textbooks. a Implementing the video
recording project. b Using interesting media
such as videos, pictures, and authentic materials.
continued
continued
No. The Feasible Problems
The Solutions
9 There were no interesting media to
support the teaching and learning process
a Implementing the video recording project.
b Using interesting media such as videos, pictures,
and authentic materials. 10
The activities were monotonous and not interesting.
a Implementing the video recording project.
b Using interesting media such as videos, pictures,
and authentic materials.
Before the researcher and the collaborator implemented both main and supporting actions, they did some preparations to make the result of
the actions successful. They were:
a. Developing the research instruments
Before the researcher employed the main action, she developed the research instruments which included the observation checklist
and sheet, interview guideline, speaking tests, and speaking rubric. These instruments would support her research. The observations and
interviews were employed during the planning, the implementation of the actions, and the reflection stages.
Furthermore, the researcher developed the speaking tests to measure the st
udents’ speaking improvement. They were the pre-test and post-test scores. From the tests, the
students’ improvement could be seen clearly. Besides, the researcher also developed the speaking
rubric as the guideline and basic scoring scheme to assess and evaluate the students’ speaking skills during the research conducted.
