41 listening process. In the observation, the writer made some notes as data
recording. Those are the primary research of this study. The writer had also conducted a secondary research namely library
research. The writer had read many journals, theses, books, and relevant articles to obtain strong and solid basis of the theoretical review and more knowledge and
understandings about the nature of listening, Cooperative Learning, and designing the materials.
B. Research Respondents
The research respondents were teachers, especially English language teachers and the students of the tenth grade of senior high school students of SMA
Negeri 7 Yogyakarta. The writers chose SMAN 7 because the writer more or less knew the condition and have good relationship with the English language teachers
and have a partner to conduct similar study. In SMAN 7 also has language laboratory so there is sufficient equipment to teach listening in that high school.
The writer chose tenth grade because the writer has a belief that it would be better to teach listening as soon as possible and it could give the students
insight about what listening actually is. The tenth grade also has the enthusiasm and little understanding about the listening materials. So it can give them the real
concept of teaching listening. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
42
C. Research Instruments
The research instruments were questionnaires, interviews, and observation sheets because this study was in the form of descriptive research. From the
questionnaire, the writer got the expectation and the needs from both the students and the teachers. In the questionnaire, the questions were designed to find out
about the condition and expectation of the students and the teachers. The interview was used to crosscheck the data from the questionnaire. The writer
interviewed the teachers and some students.
D. Data Gathering Techniques
The whole data were obtained in two ways. The writer studied relevant theories and distributed questionnaires and conducted interviews with the
teachers. The writer studied theories about School Based Curriculum or KTSP, instructional designs, communicative task, Cooperative Learning, Listening
theories, and listening materials so that the writer has a solid or good understanding and knowledge about how to design a set of authentic listening
material based on KTSP using the Cooperative Learning when the writer started to design the materials. While designing the materials, the writer also looked some
references of similar studies that had been conducted before and about listening materials to improve the design. This data gathering began in March 2007.
The data obtained from the questionnaire were in the form of opinion that range from 1 to 4. The data then were classified into those ranges so that it could
be able to be analyzed. The data from the interviews are in the form of transcript PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
43 and notes. The data from the observation was in the form of narrative passage.
The notes there would be two parts, descriptive part, and reflective part. The observation would take time several times. The notes will be used as the data
source of the real condition about the classroom when the design of the material materials evaluation and development as well as adjustment.
Needs analysis was to determine the students’ factual problems in learning listening and needs as well as teachers’ expectation toward the listening materials.
The questionnaire and interview were conducted in August 2007. Since this study was a descriptive study, the writer did not use statistical data computation but
descriptive statistics of the result of questionnaire and interview was used to describe, design and develop the listening materials.
E. Data Analysis Technique
