CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS
A. Type of Research
The objective of this study was using film clips to improve students‟ listening comprehension in SMA Negeri 1 Sleman Grade 11
th
. It was action research study because it was aimed to improve the real atmosphere of teaching and learning
process by involving participants in the setting where the research was done. 45
This study was designed by using the principles of classroom action research. According to Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns 1999:32, action
research holds in a dynamic and complementary process, those are planning, action, observation, and reflection.
Figure 1: Steps of action research according to Kemmis and McTaggart in Burns
1999:33
At first, this study was planned for Cycle I. But at the end of Cycle I, if it showed that the result of the students‟ achievement test and the students‟
0: Reconnaissance 1: Planning
2: Action and observation 1 3: Reflection
4: Revised plan 1 5: Action and observation 2
6: Reflection 2
2
1 3
4
5 6
involvement in the classroom activities was not satisfactory yet, the researcher decided to conduct Cycle II with some changes for improvement.
This classroom action research was concerned with teaching listening comprehension. It consisted of some tests to support the qualitative data, such as
pre-test and reflection or post-test. Before the researcher implemented the cycle, questionnaire and some interviews were conducted to know the conditions in pre-
action. Then, pre-test was given to the subject in order to know their preexisting listening comprehension ability. In conducting the research, the researcher worked
on the basis of cyclic process, in which each cycle included planning, action, observation and reflection.
B. Subject of the Study
This research was intended to find out the solutions to the learning problems faced by a specific group of students. The subjects were the eleventh grade
students of SMA Negeri 1 Sleman especially in class XI Social 2, in the academic year of 20132014. There were 36 students in the class. They were chosen because
the results of their listening tests were below the teacher‟s expectation.
C. Procedure of the Research
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