Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013
Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013
93 agricultural sector has not been sufficient throughout the household expenses, especially for the poor who do
not master the resource than labor . Allocation of labor households are believed to affect the total income of farm
ers‘ households. According to Zahri 2004 allocation of labor and income characterize the economic capabilities of
households. Allocation of family labor, beside reflects how much the ability of farmers utilizing free time, also reflect an independent attitude and entrepreneurial farmers. If the farmers think working out of farming
with wage or income level greater than the outpouring of their work on the farming will decrease and eventually they will use labor from the family. This condition will affect the amount of production costs
incurred households to finance their farming.
Furthermore, according to Risza 2004, stated that the success of an oil palm plantation business is determined by the ability of farmers to manage or implement human resource management labor, in which
labor will determine the level of productivity of the farming. Based on the above, the purposes of this research were to : 1 analyze the allocation of smallholder
family labor in oil palm farming activities, and 2 Calculate the potential of work and leisure time activities of smallholders in oil palm farming, other farming and non- farming in dry and wet l
and in South Sumatra.
2. Literature Review
2.1. Concept of Labor Allocation
Human labor consists of men, women and children. Labor in family farming typically consist of farmers, their families and the outside labor that waged by the family who are involved in farming
Sokartawi, 2002. Furthermore, Daniel 2004 revealed that the increase in family labor will increase revenue. Allocation of labor is the division of labor time available to farmers and their families in the
productive and non-productive activities. Farmer and family labor than was devoted to the business activities are also used to find the additional household income in the business.
According to Nakajima 1986 the households have working time outside the primary business, this suggests that the presence of a high household income derived from farming and non-farming will lead to
better utilize their work time to relax have fun. Low-income households, their work time more widely used for a variety of activities for the production than for the relaxed recreation. Concept of Free Time
Unit of measure commonly used to regulate labor by Hernanto 1996 are: a.
Number of hours and days of work total. The size of the preparatory work to count all the outpouring of planting to harvest. Can use the inventory business hours 1 working day = 7 hours too and used as the
total working days HK total. If the business consists of several branches then calculated by summing each branch are cultivated.
b. Equal number of men Men equivalent number of hours devoted to the whole process of production is
measured by the size of the working man. This means having to use a conversion based on wages, for men in grades 1 HK men, women 0.7 HK men, cattle 2 HK, and children 0.5 HK guy.
2.2.Concept Leisure Time
Leisure time is often also called free time. Leisure time is a time filled with activities in which we are not in productive work time. There are many alternatives in the selection of this activity during leisure time,
such as exercise, social services, and arts and cultural activities in the election tailored to the character or personality Spillace, 2003.
Leisure time will be maximized and effective if we can spend the time to plan it as a productive time. The free time will be wasted if it used without planning. Therefore, it takes a tactic or strategy in the
utilization of spare time so the time can be maximized and effective in its used Royan, 2003. Therefore, the efforts to utilizing spare time owned by farmers is an alternative that should be
developed. Use of leisure time into work time is meant increasing the use of family labor. Use of family labor to the main business and additional business is referred as the allocation of family labor Zahri, 2003.
Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013
Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013
94 According Suratiyah 2011, leisure time itself derived from the potential labor in the family minus a
productive time for farming activities and outside of farming. Where the potential for employment in a year of adult men were 300 HOK, adult women were 226 HOK, and children were 144 HOK.
3.
The Methodology and Model
3.1. Place and Time
