Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013
Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013
154 coastal cities, b reduction in the productivity of agricultural land, c the disruption of residential areas, d
reduction in the productivity of agricultural land, e increased risk of cancer and disease, and so on [3] . The greenhouse effect was first discovered by Joseph Fourier in 1824, is a process by which heat the
atmosphere of a planet. The greenhouse effect is caused by rising concentrations of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. The increase in the concentration of CO
2
gas is caused by the increase in fuel burning oil, coal and other organic materials which exceed the ability of plants and sea to absorption. In
addition to CO
2
gas that can cause the greenhouse effect are sulfur dioxide emissions, nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide mono and some other organic compounds such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. These
gases play an important role in enhancing the greenhouse effect [4]. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the impact of climate change has been a topic of
conversation that only result in walang rice pest, and it is hoped that we may better appreciate the nature and habits of farmers using insecticides reduce excessive.
2. Impact of Climate Change
2.1. Impact of climate change on Indonesia
If not addressed , then the temperature rise due to global warming by 2100 will lead to the melting of polar ice caps and warming oceans , resulting in increased volume and increase the surface oceans around 9-
100 cm , causing flooding in coastal areas, can even submerge the islands. Among the 17,500 islands in Indonesia , around 4000 the island will sink [3]. In Indonesia alone , the signs of climate change due to
global warming has long been seen. For example , several times we had a long dry season . Years 1982-1983 , 1987 and 1991 , drought caused extensive forest fires. Nearly 3.6 million acres of forest in East Kalimantan
depleted by fire in 1983.
In the dry season of 1991 also led to 40,000 hectares of rice fields had dried up and the national grain production plummeted from 46.451 million tons to 44.127 million tons in 1990. In 2006, due to global
warming seen in the late rainy season should have been dropped in October 2006. But until December 2006 also dropped rain delay was not also accompanied by a short period of rain, but high intensity. Consequently
floods hit Jakarta and surrounding areas. Sea level rise in addition to a change in ocean currents also cause damage to coastal mangrove ecosystem, which currently only condition is very worrying. Extensive
mangrove forests in Indonesia has declined from 5,209,543 ha 1982 decreased to 3.2357 million ha 1987 and decreases again to 2,496,185 ha 1993.
Within a period of 10 years 1982-1993 , there has been a decline in mangrove forests ± 50 of the total area of the original . If the existence of mangrove untenable , then the abrasion will often occur in the
absence of a wave barrier , the pollution of the river to the sea will rise in the absence of the filter , so that the sea water will enter rice fields farmers in the growing season or rainy season in tidal rice fields on in 2011 in
the disctric Jaya Makarti so farmers already had failed planting and replanting because plant roots are unable to grow due to salty water in the state. Local weather anomalies will be common in the future several times
within hail tornado occurred in Jakarta some time ago only a small portion of the local weather which affected the regional impact of climate change is happening now.
Global warming is suspected to cause the melting of polar ice caps resulting in rising sea level. As a country with a long coastline and islands are much smaller, increase in sea level will cause the loss flow
coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia.
2.2. Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Agriculture Sector
