Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013
Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013
5 This paper attempts to identify potential innovations to address the impacts of climate change on
agriculture that also can be potential adaptation options. The innovations are proposed based on our understanding on current states of knowledge on the climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation.
We specifically emphasize research needs so that an innovation can be discovered and implemented in Indonesia. Generally, the subjects of innovation for climate change adaptation are in the field of climate
information, information technology, and agricultural technology Figure 1.
Fig. 1: Subjects of innovation needed for climate change adaptation
2. Proposed Innovations: Research Needs
Climate change adaptation is designed to minimize the adverse impacts of climate change and to maximize its benefits. By this definition, we identify innovations that are required to support the
implementation of climate change adaptation or can be chosen as an adaptation option. The innovations are derived based on current knowledge on critical issues of climate change assessments, the needs for the
development and application of climate models, the advancement in the application of information technology, and the employment of agro-meteorology models for agricultural technology application. Details
for each innovation are described.
2.1. Climate Information
Research needs for climate information is proposed concerning the availability and accessibility of climate datainformation. The concern on data availability rises because climate stations are often limited or
a specific climate variable e.g., solar radiation may not be available. Currently, there are some alternatives that can be employed to estimate values of a climate variable such as daily radiation. The methods are
categorized into two broad terms: ‗traditional approaches‘ and ‗modern approaches‘ Perdinan, Winkler, and Andresen 2013. The traditional approaches that are frequently applied to estimate values for a point or
location include empirical equation, mechanistic models, and stochastic generation. The modern approaches are those that are employed gridded datasets such as satellite observations, regional climate models RCMs
and reanalysis data. In developed, world such as the United States, the gridded datasets are readily available. For example, NASA POWER Database satellite NASA 2011, North American Regional Climate Change
Adaptation Project RCMs Mearns et al. 2012, and North American Regional Reanalysis reanalysis Mesinger et al. 2006
. The main benefit of grid datasets is ‗continuous‘ surface that means values are available for all grids covering a region. Considering this understanding, research needs for climate
information associated with data availability in Indonesia should be addressed to answer below questions: How to develop the estimated values for a climate variable for a particular region in Indonesia?
How to quantify and consider biases introduced by estimated values for specific climate variable?
Proceeding of 2013 International Seminar on Climate Change and Food Security ISCCFS 2013
Palembang, South Sumatra -Indonesia, 24-25 October,2013
6 Fig. 2: Example format of grids of NASA-POWER, RCMs NARCCAP and Reanalysis NARR. Image
source: NASA POWER: http:earth-www.larc.nasa.gov
, NARCCAP: http:www.narccap.ucar.edu
and NARR:
http:www.ncl.ucar.edu The next issue associated with climate information is the accessibility of climate dataobservations that
are ready to use. It is recommended to conduct quality check following homogenization procedure to control data quality. Adjustments should be made to correct for data errors. In addition, climate impact, vulnerability
and adaptation assessments are also need climate projections. Such projections are usually constructed from outputs of global climate models or regional climate models. Downscaling techniques may also be applied to
project future climates. We propose the utilization of web-based system to ease the access of climate datainformation. The supply of climate information should also be tailored with user needs. An example of
this web-based information of climate projections is pileus project Winkler et al. 2012. A website,
www.pileus.msu.edu , is designed to allow users to obtain climate projections for a specific location. User
inputs have also been considered when selecting climate variables that are published in the website.
2.2. Climate Forecast Application
