Population and Sample Data Analysis

24 dynamic equivalence. On the other hand, the other translations only translated into formal equivalence translations. Based on the different TTs produced by the four translators, the researcher assessed which TT had the formal equivalence and which TT had the dynamic equivalence. In order to determine the equivalence, the researcher used Nida and Taber‟s theory of equivalence as the guideline to determine the equivalence of the TT made by the four subjects translators. The collected data are counted with the following formula. in which, = the average count =i-th score sample = number of samples After finding out the equivalence of the TT made by the four subjects translators, this study needed several respondents to assess the quality of the translated text of Nicholas Sparks‟s A Walk to Remember. The assessment of the quality is determined by which TT was the most readable one. In this process, the researcher made a table which consisted of the ST, TT, and als o the ratings‟ section which had a „No.1 until No.4‟ in it. If the respondent feelt like one of the TTs was the most readable one which is making sense, conveying the messages from the SL, having natural and easy expression, and producing similar response, he or she should put a tick on section No.1. Section No.2 was ticked to the TT that 25 is less readable than the most readable one. Section No.3 was ticked to the TT that was less readable from section No.2. Section No.4 was ticked to the TT that was the least readable among all TTs. The table below illustrated the process of assessing the readability of the translated text of Nicholas Sparks‟s A Walk to Remember . There were two steps to count the data of readability. The first one was to count the percentage of each translation product based on each reader‟s option with the following formula. The second one, after finding out the result of the first step, it was to count the average of all translation products with the following formula. No Code Text Ratings 1 2 3 4 7. 7STF 7329 I kissed her check as I squeezed her arm a little tighter to me. She winced, and I could tell that I‟d hurt her somehow. 37TT F1 Aku mencium pipinya yang lembut sambil kupeluk erat. Ia agak meringis, dan aku merasa aku mungkin telah menyakitinya sedikit. 38TT F2 Aku mencium pipi lembutnya dan memegang lengannya sedikit lebih erat. Dia mengerjap, dan aku langsung tahu bahwa aku menyakitinya. 39TT M1 Aku mencium pipinya sambil meremas lebih erat lengannya agar ia lebih dekat ke arahku. Dia berkedip, dan aku seketika tahu aku telah melukainya entah bagaimana. 26 40TT M2 Kucium pipinya seraya mendekap lengannya lebih erat kepadaku. Dia mengejap, dan bisa kukatakan bahwa aku menyakitinya. Table 3.3. Source Text, Target Text, and Ratings for Readability Last but not least, to analyze the influence of gender towards the result of a translated text, the researcher used the theory from Talbot that emphasized the gender differences reflected through language. It meant that women and men had differences including their ways of using language. Talbot ‟s and Spender‟s theories were also used to highlight the different language styles or features used by both male and female subjects translators. 27

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This part presents the problems that are divided into three parts. The first part is the analysis on the equivalence of translated romantic elements in Nicholas Sparks‟s A Walk to Remember. The second part is the analysis on the readability of both female and male subjects translators in this study. The last part is the analysis on specific expressions that affirm the influences of gender in the translation process of Nicholas Sparks‟s A Walk to Remember.

A. The Translation Equivalence of Romantic Elements

The first part of the analysis discusses the translation equivalence of female and male translators. The analysis of the data is divided into some sub- parts. Previously explained, translation should be equivalent between the TT and ST. Formal and dynamic equivalence have different characteristics. First, the characteristic of formal equivalence is that it consists of the standard form and appropriate structure that would affect the accuracy. It means that the meaning of word is the same as the original ST. The TT provides the literal meaning of the ST when translating a text into TT. It means that the readers do not need to understand any context to comprehend the meaning of TT. Therefore, the meaning in formal equivalence is not contextual. In the other hand, dynamic equivalence means that a translator only focuses on the meaning of the text which is possible 28 to change the structure. It aims to seek the naturalness of a translation in order to receive the same response as it does in the TL. It means that dynamic equivalence is more contextual. 10 20 Female translators Male translators The Proportion of Formal and Dynamic Equivalence Translation in Translators Gender Formal Equivalece Dynamic Equivalence Chart 1. The Proportion of Formal and Dynamic Equivalence Translation in Translators’ Gender From the chart above, the average score of the translation by the female and male translators is gotten by the calculation as follows. a. Female Translators Score of Formal Equivalence = Score of Dynamic Equivalence = b. Male Translators Score of Formal Equivalence = 29 Score of Dynamic Equivalence = From the data stated above, the average is derived from the addition of the translation products between F1 and F2 for female translators or between M1 and M2 for male translators which are included in formal and dynamic equivalence. After being added, the result is divided by two based on the number of the existing samples two female translators and two male translators. It can be concluded that the number of formal equivalence produced by the female translators is less than the male translators. On the other hand, the number of dynamic equivalence produced by the female translators is more than the male translators. In short, the female translators use the more dynamic equivalence than the formal one. It means that the translations produced by female translators focus on the contextual in romantic meaning meaning rather than the structure of TT that needs to be maintained the same as the ST. It can be seen through many words, phrases, or sentences that are modified in the TT. In order to classify the data easily, the data are divided into two based on Stanford‟s theory about romantic elements including expressions that promote powerful feeling and passion among the characters in the romantic text.

1. The Formal and Dynamic Equivalence Done by Female and Male

Translators in Expressions Promoting Feeling No. Number of Data ST F1 F2 M1 M2 1. 1STF668 We looked at each other under the light of a waxing crescent moon, and I almost kissed her right then, but she turned away D D D D