nature, characteristics and nature of a person who has the will to realize innovative ideas into real-
world creative[4]. The term comes from the translation
of entrepreneurship
“Entrepreneurship”, can be interpreted as the backbone
of economy, which is
the nerve center controlling the economy or the economy of a nation [5]. In epistemiology,
entrepreneurship is a value that is needed to start a business or a process of doing something new and
different. According to Zimmerer, Thomas W, entrepreneurship is the application of creativity
and innovation to solve the problem and attempt to take advantage of opportunities faced
daily [6].
Entrepreneurship is a
combination of creativity, risk and
courage, innovation
conducted by way of
hard work to establish and maintain new business.
Entrepreneur is the
person responsible in
developing, managing and measuring the risk of a business
[7]. Schumpeter, as
cited in Entrepreneurship By grave, says an entrepreneur is
an individual who had the opportunity and created the organization to pursue pursue opportunities
[8]. Drucker says that entrepreneurs are
always looking for change, respond, and use it as an
opportunity [9]. Therefore, it can be said that an entrepreneur is
a person who loves change,
because the changes are always
opportunities there. He will always pursue these opportunities
with how to structure an organization. From some of the above understanding, it
can be concluded that entrepreneurship is an ability in creative thinking and innovative behavior
that basis, the resources, the driving force, the purpose of strategy, tips and processes in dealing
with lifes challenges. During its development, entrepreneurship is not just innate talent, or is it the
practice field but is a
discipline that needs
to be studied. Ones ability in entrepreneurship can
be matured through the educational
process. Someone who become entrepreneurs are those who
know her potential and learn to develop their potential to seize opportunities and to organize its
efforts in realizing its goals.
Persons success is
not determined by
the skill that belongs to, but by other factors is very important. Intelligence
level accounted for
only approximately 20-30 percent success, the rest is determined by the soft skills. Research
NACE National
Association of Colleges
and Employers in 2005 showed labor
force users need job skills in the form of 82 percent and
18 percent soft skills
hard skills high grade.
The ability of soft skills is reflected in the behavior
of someone who has a personality,
attitude and behavior is acceptable in public life. Consistent with the ability of soft skills,
the learners should be
equipped with
entrepreneurial skills education entrepreneurship that
is reliable.
Adequate knowledge and accompanied entrepreneurial
aspects of practice can made the graduates have the willingness
and ability, so do not
feel confused when it came to entering the job
market. The problem now is how to change the old mindset about the relevance of the education
process to the
needs of the
labor market, a new mindset about the ability of schools to produce graduates job creators.
The curriculum must refer to the nations competitiveness, as well as school vision and
mission. It is in order to produce graduates who are able to enhance the competitiveness of nations,
that graduates who are able
to create
employment opportunities. Hence, if education has a mission of carrying out educational entrepreneur,
then it is proper curriculum and learning strategies change
and adjustment. Seeing the characters above entrepreneurs, it seems difficult
to achieve the establishment of an entrepreneur, when the learning use the classic strategy.
Curriculum-based entrepreneurship is a key that will be measure the success of school to create
the highly competitive graduates.
If a teacher wants to increase the student attitude, they
should know the talents and desires of students and also values and knowledge of the students too, as
well as other environment conducive to the growth of their
attitudes, including political environment. Whatever the outcome, the teachers must strive to
innovate in the educational process and it takes a long process to achieve a success full.
2.2 Entrepreneurial
Character Develop
through Entrepreneurial-Based
Curriculum
Entrepreneurial-Based Curriculum develop
consists of several levels, start from national level, institutional level, field of study level
until and discussion units level. Development of It is correlate with one of SMK mission is Build
and empower international standard of Vocational High School to develop graduates who have a
national identity and competitive advantage in the national and global markets.
The aim
of curriculum
development institute level are to identify educational personnel
in accordance with the required qualifications. Curriculum development aimed at developing of
mentality and entrepreneurial character of the learners. The preparation of the components of the
curriculum was conducted by the Centre for Curriculum Research and Development Ministry.
It is also involves experts and practitioners of entrepreneurship in order to obtain the real
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and mature understanding of the skills, motivation, and entrepreneur mentality learners.
The values developed
in entrepreneurship education are the values of the characteristics of an
entrepreneur. According to be experts, there are many values of entrepreneurship that should
be possessed by learner’s and citizens of other schools. However, in the development model of
academic
texts were chosen several values of
entrepreneurship are considered the most basic and in accordance with the developmental level of
students are 17 values. Some of the values of entrepreneurship and it description that will
integrated through entrepreneurship education are as follows.
Table 1. Values and Description of
Entrepreneurship Education
No Values
Description
1. Independent
Attitudes and behaviours
that are not easy to depend on others in
completing tasks 2.
Creative Thinking and doing something to
produce different ways or the result of products services that already
exist 3.
Risk taker The ability of someone to love the
challenging job
,
daring and able to take the risk of work
4. Action-oriented
Taking the initiative to act
,
and not to wait
,
before an
undesirable event occurs
.
5. Leadership
Attitudes and behavior of someone who is always open to suggestions
and criticism
, it is easy
to get along
,
cooperate
,
and direct others
.
6. Toil
Behaviors that showed serious
efforts in completing the
task and overcome
obstacles
7. Honest
Behavior based on efforts to make himself
as someone who
is always reliable in
word, action
,
and work
.
8. Discipline
Actions that show orderly behavior and
comply with various rules and regulations
.
9. Innovative
Ability to apply creativity in order to solve the problems and opportunities
to enhance and enrich the lives 10.
Responsibilities Attitudes and behavior
of someone who is willing and able to carry out
the duties and obligations 11.
Cooperation Behavior
based on efforts
to establish relationships with others in
implementing the action
,
and work
.
12. Unyielding
Attitudes and behavior of someone
who does not easily give up to achieve a goal with a variety of
alternative 13.
Commitment Agreement on something made by
someone
,
either to himself or others. 14.
Realistic The ability to use facts reality as the
foundation of thinking rationally in every decision and action actions.
15. Curiosity
The attitude and actions are always trying to find
out in depth and
extent of what is learned
,
seen
,
and heard 16.
Communicative Actions that showed love to talk
,
socialize
,
and cooperate with others 17.
Strong motivati on to succeed
The attitude and actions are always looking for the best solution
Source : The Curriculum Centre [10]. Meredith in Suprojo Pusposutardjo give chara
cteristics of a person who has the character of entrepreneurs as people who 1 confidence,
2 task-oriented and results, 3 risk-taking, 4 spirited leadership, 5 future oriented, and 6
originality [11]. Grammatical form
of entrepreneurial behavior traits appear in the table
below. Table 2.
Form of Behavior from Entrepreneur Characteristic
Entrepreneur characteristic
Form of behavior
confident 1.Working confidently
2.No dependence in doing the job
Task-oriented and results
1.Satisfy the achievement needs
2.Work orientation : profit
,
determined and steadfast
,
hard work determination
. 3.I
nitiative
Dare to take risks
1.Brave and able to take the risk
2.Liking the work challenging
spirited leadership
1.Behave as a leader who is open to
suggestions and criticisms
.
2.Easy to get along and work with others
Thinking toward the outcome benefit
1.Creative and Innovative 2.Flexible in carrying out the
work 3.Having a lot of resources
4.Versatile and knowledgeable
originality 1.Look ahead thinking
2.Perspective
Source : Meredith in Suprojo Pusposutardjo [11]
2.3 Entrepreneurship in
the School Curriculum Implementation
2.3.1 Entering the subjects of entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is not enough just to rely on innate talent, or is the
practice field. Entrepreneurship is a discipline that needs to be
studied. Ones ability in entrepreneurship can be matured through the
educational process.
Entrepreneurship is also a discipline that has its
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