fluctuate, this is due to the existing Labor requirements also vary, according to the needs of
existing jobs in the community. These changes will certainly influence the number of teachers of SMK.
Based on theneeds and situation analysis of state school teachers conducted by the Directorate
Dikmenjur concluded that the number and specialties of the side still has a shortage of
teachers, while the other side had the advantage. Excess or shortage of vocational teachers were
Scattered on the teachers Normative, Adaptive, and Productive programs in all Provinces. Condition of
excess and shortage of teachers in vocational occurring from year to year is a fairly complex
problem and requires a good strategy in the process of completion. The state of problem of excess and
shortage of teachers needs to be done through a mapping of the vocational school that exists in the
fields. How do potential Normative Teachers program, Adaptive, and Productive, student
interest, program expertise required and the facilities that are needed.
This study
aimed to
map teachers
Vocational School SMK throughout Indonesia that can be used to support policy development
SMK 70: 30. This study aims to map teachers Vocational High School SMK throughout
Indonesia can be used to support policy development SMK 70: 30. The scope of this
study include Vocational Secondary School and the teachers have to regions of West Sumatra., both
SMK and private vocational school. Variable of this study include the students, teachers, programs
and facilities maintained membership support the learning and teaching PBM. Variable state study
include students, teachers, program expertise and supporting facilities organized learning activities
PBM.
3. Results and Discussion
Province of West Sumatra, the potential field of agriculture and trade, hotels restaurants, it has
the Potential for Developing Vocational industrial technology and business management , its
can be developed as the main priority, less than 10 of vocational schools in accordance with
spectrum of expertise based on natural resources SDA the local area. Therefore, private vocational
opportunities open to fill the vacancy,such as Vocational high schools of Agriculture, Hospitality,
Business and Vocational Services, food and baverage.
Seeing this condition, it turns out vocational development both public and private are not built
and developed based on the economic potential of natural resources,but its built upon the scientific
disciplines and general industrial development conditions in Indonesia. As we know that Indonesia
is trying to be one of the developed industrial regions in this decade. Indications of this
development is the development of SMK is generally located in the capital of the province and
city. After the New Order regime ended, the Government Began to build a vocational school to
enter the District, although with the same condition and these are dominated by technology and industry
expertise and business management.
Data of vocational students in the areas of expertise in each regency city and new admissions
data based on the expertise of the group showed that the most Desirable areas of expertise students
are technology and industry and business and management. On the contrary , based on the
potential of regional economies, the dominant vocational schools should be the SMK in the field
of Farming and Gardening, as well as fisheries . But the expansion of SMK currently still based on the
needs and industrial development in Indonesia, which is based on industrial growth. Because this
sector requires a lot of job opportunities and easy access to jobs.
School teachers based on data from provinces of West Sumatra , note that the Non-PNS school
teachers more than PNSgovernment employee teachers. This gives an indication that the shortage
of school teachers are still there in the province. Based on education level, more than 90 of
teachers already have educational SMK S1 and D4. The implication of this fact, teacher’s
education and training need to be improved to a higher education level in the field of vocational
education. Based on age groups, it appears the age of teachers in the productive age below 50 years is
to achieve 90.
Comparison of school teachers sex between male and female are relative balanced. But for
SMK technology is dominated by male teachers, while that for school teachers and management
business is dominated by female teachers. It is generally stated that the school teachers must be
increased in number to the PNS and in terms of education for further education to master vocational
programs, because their teachers of SMK relatively young age under 50 years.
4. Conclusion
This study has been discussed about data and information of vocational high schools in West
Sumatera, the data consist of the field of expertise and the spectrum, based on the status of teachers,
education, age and gender for all districts cities in province. School information intended to portray
the geographic conditions of the schools including school name, NIS, school address, phone number
fax, name of school principals as well as programs of studies that were implemented in every school.
This section provides information to the public on the potential of schools, school location, address,
name of the head sekola dibisa with the telephone
137
number to be contacted, as well as school accreditation status.
Student section is to see the tendency of peoples interest in SMK. Using the data of
applicants and
admitted students
SMK, unpredictable peoples interest against the SMK.
Indicator to detect the amount of data used in the interest of applicants, the numbers of students who
recruited the first year and the number of students overall SMK. West Sumatra community has high
level of interest to vocational education, while majority of students choice is the field of
technology and business expertise.
In West Sumatra, the group of student interest is very high to the field of technology and
engineering, followed by a group of fans and business and management, tourism and hospitality
industries. Technology and engineering group of studies are the most favorite such as automotive
engineering, machining, electrical engineering and information technology as well as electronics and
computer-based communications.
School teachers based on the data, publicly stated that the school teachers must be increased in
number and quality to the PNS and in education to continue to the master program of vocational
education, as most teachers of SMK age of a young relative for more than 90 by age under 50 years.
IMPLICATIONS
This study provides implications for the development and expansion of SMK in Indonesia.
Generally can be stated as follows: 1.
SMK expansion is expected based on the economic potential of natural and local
resources. 2.
Selection of community interest in the membership so far is based on scientific and
academic policy. Completion should have been started based on economic potential.
3. SMK current state of teacher shortage across the
field adaptive, normative and productive affecting the development of competencies and
the school.
4. Mapping of Vocational High School are
beneficial for the development of regional policies based on knowledge.
5. Study the suitability of the curriculum with
industry conditions and opportunities, current conditions
and five
years should
be implemented.
6. The role of the board of education in supporting
the Government policy in the development of vocational education are urgently needed.
7. Local map of the potential benefits of regional
economic and potential for vocational schools should be updated and upgraded every year.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Proposed to the Government to develop and
build SMK based on the potential economies of scale and regional natural resources and
economic potential is already there. As SMK hotels, and catering to high-frequency traffic
areas loveliest. SMK marine maritime or SMK Shipping to coastal districts.
2. Enhancing the benefits of SMK socialization to
the community,
through programs
of socialization competency membership, to attract
the public more in SMK, especially graduates of junior high school in the district level.
3. Exploiting the potential of existing teachers
SDM based on educational background, training programs that have followed.
4. Encouraging school teachers to further study
vocational masters program, given the age of SMK teachers relatively more young 46.
5. Increasing Availability of facilities to study,
workshop, Labor and relevant library are suitable for SMK.
REFERENCES
[1] Law no. Law no. 20 Year 2003 About the National
Education System [2]
Regulation no. 19 Year 2005 About Standard Nasiona Education
[3] Law no. Law no. 14 Year 2005 About Teachers and
Lecturers [4]
Candy No. 22 Year 2006 About Standard Contents [5]
Candy No. 23 Year 2006 About Standard Approval [6]
A Delors, Learning: The Traesure Within , 1997 Unesco, Paris
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