39 literature review, taking notes, conducting interview, and distributing
questionnaire.
a. Literature Review
Literature review was reviewing sources to collect information related to the planned development Borg and Gall, 1983. Books, online websites, and
journals were reviewed to gain enough information about the materials would be designed. The literature reviewed started from October 2010.
b. Field Notes
Field-notes was used for needs analysis. It is the most common method of recording the data collected during observation Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh,
2002. The field notes in this research used paper and pencil. It is used for gathering data related to activities of the students in class during English lesson.
The researcher took note on some points about the process of teaching and learning English in Administration Department of SMK Negeri 1 Klaten Grade XI
during the process. This classroom observation was done in July 29, August 2 and 5, 2011.
c. Questionnaire
In research and information collecting, questionnaire was used to find out the methods in English teaching learning process, and also to find out
students’ needs and characteristics. Questionnaire was used in this research and information
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
40 collecting because it allowed students to answer questions and identify their
Multiple Intelligences easily in a quiet short time. The questionnaire used Likert scale and open-ended questions. Likert scale a summated rating scale assess
attitudes toward a topic by presenting a set of statements about the topic and asking respondents to indicate for each whether they strongly agree, agree,
undecided, disagree, or strongly disagree Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002. In this research, the researcher only used four judgments, which were strongly agree,
agree, disagree, and strongly disagree. It was aimed to avoid uncertainty in re
spondents’ opinions and decide the respondents’ tendency of opinions. Open- ended questions are used when there are numbers of possible answers or when the
researcher can’t predict all the possible answers. It allows a free response rather than restricting the respondent to a choice from among stated alternatives Ary,
Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002. There were two kinds of questionnaire which were distributed. The first
was the questionnaire delivered to the Administration Department students of SMK Negeri 1 Klaten Grade XI. The second questionnaire was delivered to three
teachers of SMK Negeri 1 Klaten, who taught Administration Department students Grade XI. Both questionnaires were distributed in August 5, 2011.
d. Interview
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