Object of the Study

interrelated semiotic, oral or written tokens, very often as ―texts‖, that belong to specific semiotic types, i.e. genres .‖ Reisegl and Wodak, 2001 Wodak‘s approach adds a discourse-historical perspective on CDA. In this approach the connection between fields of action, genres, discourses and texts is described and modeled, and context is understood mainly historically. This approach is understood not as a sequence of separate operational steps but as a cycle in which the three analytical dimensions are systematically and recursively related to the totality of contextual knowledge. The historical context is always analyzed and integrated into the interpretation of the empirical linguistic data.

C. Procedures of Data Selection

The data appeared first in the form of sentences which were numbered on the sequence of occurrence from what had quoted throughout the explanation 1, 2, 3, … While in the end position of every sentence, the sentence was equipped with number based on the sequence of occurrence in the original address and with the paragraph where it was in. For example -13,X,a meant that the sentence was taken from the Thirteenth sentence [13], in tenth paragraph [X], at the first address [a]. The sentence was fully quoted from the text and put in the paragraph continued with the explanation as follows: “And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to the suffering outside our borders, nor can we consume the worlds resources without regard to effect. 84, XXIII, a ” And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, We say we can no longer afford indifference to the suffering outside our borders, nor can we consume the worlds resources without regard to effect. Textual Behalf Topical Rheme Theme If the sentence was listed in a table, it appeared as exemplified below: No. Discourses as Social Practices Value Belief Norm Sentences 1. Remaking America a. Nationalism

37. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. XI

D. Procedures of Data Analysis

The analysis was made to answer the first and the second research questions in order to make the explanation flows and help the reader of this study see the relation between power, ideology, and the language as the vehicle of power and ideology themselves. Some principles were applied in answering the research questions. The first principle was that CDA addresses social problems. CDA does not only focus on language and language use, but also on the linguistic characteristics of social and cultural processes. CDA follows a critical approach to social problems in its endeavors to make explicit power relationships which are frequently hidden. It aims to derive results which are of practical relevance to the social, cultural, political and even economic contexts Fairclough Wodak, 1997. The second principle was that power relations are discursive. That is CDA explains how social relations of power are exercised and negotiated in and through discourse. Another important principle was that discourse is history. Thus discourses can only be understood with reference to their historical context. In accordance with this CDA refers to extra linguistic factors such as culture, society