Liberty, Freedom, and Equality

facts do not make liberty an illusion but open up the possibility of freedom as a constitutional form but as a politics of life. Bill of Rights as the basis of American Liberty are explicitly designed it to guarantee a secular, humanistic state Hunter, 1991. However, despite the conservative efforts to monopolize the religious principle, the God and religion are not completely excluded from the liberal narrative: ―America and every nation on earth is called by God to seek justice and serve the common good of humanity, not as a special privilege, however, but as special responsibility‖ Hunter, 1991: 113. Insofar, as they take as their starting point a state of nature in which humans are free and equal, and so argue that any limitation of this freedom and equality stands in need of justification that is the social structure and the laws. In accordance to what Locke says, Liberals see the market as natural and the desire to appropriate private property is linked to human nature Hoffman, 2007.

2. Democracy

Derived from Greek‘s noun demos people + verb kratein to rule, it means rule or government by the common p eople. ―The democratic ideal itself is deeply in the ideological conflict if the modern world King, 2007‖. However, some argue that the basic principles of democracy are founded in the idea that each individual has a right to liberty. Democracy extends the idea that each ought to be master of his or her life to the domain of collective decision making. First, each persons life is deeply affected by the larger social, legal and cultural environment in which he or she lives. Second, only when each person has an equal voice and vote in the process of collective decision-making will each have control over this larger environment. This is what Plato might worry about the danger of the democracy because if it is put in the hands of ignorant, the people will not know how to use the political power for the common good King, 2007. If we take look carefully about the general assumption on democracy, we should then see that it implies the value of liberty which has been delivered previously. ―It is useful to examine the relationship between democracy and liberalism, since liberals historically opposed democracy on the grounds that it was a system that favored the poor and subverted the market. The founding fathers of the US Constitution are better described as liberal republicans rather than democrats, and although Tocqueville called his classic work Democracy in America 1835 –40, it was an analysis of a liberal rather than a democratic culture. ‖ Hoffman, 2007: 38 Hoffman 2004 has noticed that liberalism in tension with democracy because it takes the state for granted and with it the identification of order with private and property and class division. He also makes distinct both values which points that liberalism is about the rights of property, democracy about the popular rule. In the other hand, democracy is related to public justification. One distant relative of the self-government approach is the account of democracy as a process of public justification defended by, among others, Joshua Cohen 2002. That the laws and policies are legitimate to the extent that they are publicly justified to the citizens of the community is the idea behind this approach. Citizen justifies laws and policies to each other on the basis of mutually acceptable reasons. Democracy, well understood, is the context in which individuals freely engage in a process of reasoned discussion and deliberation on an equal footing. The ideas of freedom and equality provide guidelines for structuring democratic institutions. Democracy as political ideology is later interpreted differently among those who are liberal, socialist, and communist. Liberal democracy stresses the