25 want a copy?. She waved the hand out while she was speaking. However, the
friend answered, I think milk is better. Both former examples shows that the sound f is substituted with p. Theoretically, Korean writing system has the rule
that the sound f will be substituted with p, whereas v with b.
b. Sound Deletion
Sound deletion is the phonological process where one sound with a syllable is omitted Jenkins, 2009.There are some types of deletion Nathan,
2008. The first one is aphesis or apheresis. This is the type of deletion in the initial position of word. [
weɪ]
can refer to two words, way and away. However, if we talk about sound deletion the former phonetic transcription must be a part of
away
əweɪ
. In this case the schwa sound is omitted. The second type is syncope. Syncope is a very common deletion where the
vowel in the middle of the word is deleted, for example the word family [
fæmli
]. Lastly, there is apocope. Apocope is usually consonant deletion. The final sound
of a word is omitted which is usually placed within consonant cluster.
c. Sound Simplification
Sound simplification is a variation where the certain sound within one syllable is simplified into simple sound. It usually happens within short and long
vowel or minimal pair McMahon, 2002. In certain condition or certain sequence some sounds are sound similar for example [ ]
ɛ conomic and [i]conomic. If they are in single words, the contrast between those two sounds is obvious but not within
certain circumstance. Another example is minimal pair drill versus trill, and lid
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26 versus lit. It is possible to hear the contrast in the first pair of word because they
are initial consonants. However, the second word pair sometimes is impossible to get the contrast because they are final sound. It also happens in Korean language
which does not have minimal pair. Between bp, dt, and gk there is no contrast. In Korean language voiced and voiceless sound do not exist. Amazingly, if the
speaker from other language produce the sound randomly, may be they use p or b, the Korean addressee still understand.
This strategy is also similar to the rule of one of Korean phonological process, neutralization. One condition which differs the simplification and
neutralization is in Korean this process happened only in the last syllable. In Korean final syllable, the slight puff of air sometimes heard in English is
impossible. The final sound is never released. Consonants which form the final sound are called pachim Chang, 1995. However, in Korean not all consonants
can be placed in final syllable: k n t l m p ŋ. Other sounds which cannot occur in the final syllable will be neutralized as following.
ᄃᄉᄌᄎᄐᄒᄊ
as pronounced as t
ᄇᄑ
as pronounced as p
ᄀᄁᄏ
as pronounced as k Based on the preceding theory, all the final sounds become voiceless sound.
d. Sound Assimilation
Assimilation is linguistic process when one sound becomes more like its neighbor Nathan, 2008. Assimilation can occur both in preceding or following
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27 sound. When the sound in the preceding syllable is assimilated to the next sound it
is called anticipatory assimilation or regressive assimilation, or simply leftforward assimilation. When the direction goes forward from the causing sound
to the affected sound it is said as perseveratory assimilation, or progressive assimilation, or rightforward assimilation.
Assimilation also has relationship with geminates. Geminates is double consonants sound in sequence Harris, 1996. Therefore, when assimilation
happens and changes one sound to be same to neighbor sound, so that there are two identical sounds, it is named gemination.
e. Insertion
