Sound Deletion Korean Speakers Linguistic Strategies towards Non-existing

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2. Sound Deletion

Sound substitution is the most used strategy in phonology, but there is another strategy that is also used quite often. That is sound deletion. The following table shows the frequency. Table 4.13: Sound Deletion No Sound Total Frequency based on group of classification f in single word f in word group v in single words v in word group f and v in single word and word group 1 Voiceless labiodental fricative sound 5 5 2 Voiced labiodental fricative sound 76 27 48 1 Total 81 5 27 48 1 Sound deletion is the strategy where the non-existing sound is not produced within the words or phrases. It happens because the sound is not easy to produce or too weak when the sound is in the ending Katamba, 1989. The weakening happens because of the nature of pronunciation. When stressing is given, the followed sound will be pronounced with the rest of power. So, sometimes unconsciously the speakers miss the sound. The collected findings showed that final consonant ending happens within all types, except f in word group. Firstly, f in single words, all sounds deleted were in the end of syllable. There were five deletions, pough rʌf to be lɔʊ , life laɪf to be laɪ , and enough ɪnʌf to be ɪnaʊ and ɪnʌ . Then, v in single has PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 78 24 final consonant deletion, for example love lʌv lɒv to be lɒ , alive əlaɪv to be əlaɪ , youve juːv jəv to be jʊ , of ɒv əv to be ɒ , and many more. In the v in word groups, there were 45 performances which had final deletion. Some examples taken were up above ʌp əbʌv to be ʌp pəbɒ , sick of sɪkəv to be sɪkə and sɪkɒ , tiped of taɪrdɒv to be taɪrɒ and taɪlə , goes Ive geuzaɪv to be geusaɪ , etc. In this type, from 14 word group, 10 word groups contain the word of in the end of group which was also suffered the deletion. Similar to v in word groups, combination f and v in single words and word groups also had the word of suffered deletion within the word group. The word group fop all of time fɒʳ ɔːl əv taɪm was pronounced as fɒrɒlɒtaɪm . Not only happening in the end of syllable, sound deletion also happened within ambisyllabic syllable. In the result, there were two words containing ambisyllabic syllable, avepage and whenevep. These two words were pronounced inaccurately, not only deleted the labiodental fricative sound but also other sounds. The first one was pronounced as wɪnəl and the second one as jedʒ ə . This case showed that within words containing ambisyllabic sound not only the focused sound was deleted but other sounds which was difficult to pronounce. Besides sound deletion towards final consonant and sound deletion within ambiguous syllable, sound deletion also occurred within consonant cluster. Korean speakers not only forbid consonant clusters in syllable-initial position but also in syllable-final position unless consonant clusters are followed by a vowel- PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 79 initial syllable. English, on the other hand, permits consonant clusters on either or both sides of the syllable Song, 2005. In this type, there were one word and one word group contain labiodental fricative sound within consonant cluster. Actually both of the word and the word group have the same word, themselves. However, they had different nature of pronunciation. The single word was pronounced as demsels , whereas the word within group, themselves out, was pronounced with three ways as dəmselzaʊt , dəmselsɔʊt , and dəselsɔʊt . Actually, all of them have three- consonant combination, -lvz. Theoretically, when there is consonant cluster, the last consonant in sequence will suffer sound deletion, or apocope. However, in this case, instead of the last consonant in sequence is omitted, the non-existing sound is deleted. Even, within the word group, the last consonant is moved into the next word which is begun with vowel as in figure 4.6. Figure 4.6 themselves out dəmselsaʊt d ə m s e l s aʊ t O N C O N C O N C R R R σ σ σ PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 80 From the earlier observation, it could be seen that the Korean speakers omitted both voiceless and voiced sound of labiodental fricative sound in the syllable final and it had vowel before the sound. Besides, the labiodental fricative sound within ambiguous syllable was also deleted accompanied with some vowel and consonant sounds. The sound within consonant cluster was also omitted but it crossed the rule. The labiodental fricative sound must be deleted no matter the position, not only in the very final of the syllable.

3. Simplification of Voiced Sound into Voiceless Sound