24 and h, Korean only has three, namely s, ss, and h. Thus, for English f
and v, Koreans replace them with the variations of bilabial plosives.
3. Phonological Strategies
Phonological strategies are strategies which are used to solve the problem of sound production. When we talk about cross-language, language strategies will
occurred mostly Schmidt, 1994. This matter is related to accuracy. Sound differences among languages were always occurred. The speakers of certain
language will use interlingual identification where they try to identify the way to solve the in-existing sound by replacing with similar sound, omitted, or other
strategies.
a. Sound Substitution
The L2 speakers often find difficulties when facing the sounds which are absent in their L1. Thus, they try to label the non-existing sound with the sound
that is present in their language and has the closest quality with the L2 sound. Sound substitution often happens to Korean speakers. Jenkins 2009 gave an
example of sound substitution done by Koreans when they performed English. Within Koreans writing system, Hangul, labiodental fricatives are absent, so the
Korean speakers substitute them with p or b. For example, one day a Korean student came into the class, which had English environment, after having his drive
test. With the sad expression he announced to his friends I pailed. Another example, one of Korean students who had her lunch with her friends offered her
friends a copy of this morning hand out of this morning class delightfully, Do you
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
25 want a copy?. She waved the hand out while she was speaking. However, the
friend answered, I think milk is better. Both former examples shows that the sound f is substituted with p. Theoretically, Korean writing system has the rule
that the sound f will be substituted with p, whereas v with b.
b. Sound Deletion
Sound deletion is the phonological process where one sound with a syllable is omitted Jenkins, 2009.There are some types of deletion Nathan,
2008. The first one is aphesis or apheresis. This is the type of deletion in the initial position of word. [
weɪ]
can refer to two words, way and away. However, if we talk about sound deletion the former phonetic transcription must be a part of
away
əweɪ
. In this case the schwa sound is omitted. The second type is syncope. Syncope is a very common deletion where the
vowel in the middle of the word is deleted, for example the word family [
fæmli
]. Lastly, there is apocope. Apocope is usually consonant deletion. The final sound
of a word is omitted which is usually placed within consonant cluster.
c. Sound Simplification
