Data Analysis Technique RESEARCH TETHODOLOGY

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E. Data Analysis Technique

There are two questions in this study related to English performance done by Korean speakers. The first to second questions were done with document analysis. Focusing on the sound, the first thing to do after collecting the word was changing the sound into phonetic transcription. Then, the writer did type classification. Firstly, the findings were classified into 5 major types, f in single word, f in word group, v in single word, v in word group, and combination. This step means the writer had moved the phonetic transcription into table. After to be classified into five major types, the findings, once more, were classified into six types. This types was made based on the sound position. The first type is labiodental fricatives in the initial syllable. Then, the second one is labiodental fricatives within consonant cluster in the initial syllable. Then, the sound is placed into the end of syllable of syllable-final. The fourth one is still in the same position but within consonant cluster. Number five is ambisyllabic sound and the last is modification when the sound appears more than once within one word or word group. The next steps was analyzing of the error done by the singer using the phonetic transcription and what sounds they used to replace the absent sounds. In this part, the writer made comparison between the standard sound which could be found in dictionary and the sound performed by the Korean singers. Then, the writer bserved the variation to decide what phonological strategies used to solve the difficulty to pronoun the non-existing sound. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 41 F. Research Procedures After gathering the data, based on the finding, the writer starts to analyze the linguistic strategy used on the substitute. The error analysis steps are applied here. 1. Sample collecting This step is to provide the data for EA. The sample is collected randomly, but there are some details used to limit the choice. The video comes from 4 groups which have been mentioned before and to be on aired within 2009 until 2011. In the video the Korean singers sing English songs. The song English should be sung in live performance so that the data can be conducted without any manipulation. 2. Error identification The error can be identified by comparing the phonetic transcription of the subject sound produce towards the standard pronunciation based on dictionary. The writer does not compare the sound with the native sound because some of the native singers also produce non-standard sound. 3. Description of errors In this part the errors are classified, whether this happen in the beginning only, in the end, both, or in the middle of a word, or maybe the error happens because of the other words within word groups. Here, the writer also classify the sound based on the voiceless and voiced sound so that the study can reveal which sound is the hardest one to be produced. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 42 4. Error explanation Error explanation tries to give clear sight towards the errors done and what the substitutes employ in the error. This explanation will drive to the strategic explanation. The strategies applied to solve the problem drive to the deep research towards what phonological strategies used. Then, the following is the procedures of finishing the research. 1. The first thing do was collecting the video from YouTube.com. 2. Secondly, the writer found the lyrics. The important thing do was matching the lyrics with the live-performance videos. 3. Thirdly, the writer should find the words contained labiodental fricatives. 4. Next, the words found had to be transcribed into phonetic symbols. 5. After having the phonetic transcription, the writer moves those into the table so that the number of accurate or inaccurate production occurred. 6. Then, the next step is categorizing the findings into three major group, f, v, and combination of both sounds. After that, each group was still divided into two group, single word and word group. 7. Due to the grouping, the analysis of accuracy became easier. Within the each group, the writer tried to see the number of accuracy and made percentage. 8. By putting aside the accuracy, using the findings of inaccuracy, the writer tried to classify the strategies used to solve the problem of sound absence. 9. The last step is writing the report. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 43 The following is the chart used to explicate the chronology of the research procedures. Flow Chart 3.1: The rationale of research procedures Phonological strategy classification Writing the report Collecting the videos from YouTube.com Matching the lyrics to the video Finding the words Transcribing the sound heard from the video into phonetic symbols Moving the finding into the table Categorizing the finding into group Error analyzing v f f and v Single word Word group Single word Single word Word group Word group Accuracy PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 44

CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION