4. M M – The consonant M is adjusted by retaining its original form in TL.
5. E Ø – The vowel E is adjusted by dropping it in the TL.
From the comparison above, it can be seen that the word Krom contains single vowel adjustment in its translation process from the SL Chrome. The
Adjustment is the deletion of vowel E in the end of the word. The reason for this deletion is that according to the rule, vowel E which is not pronounced should be
released. So, the TL becomes Krom.
3. Extreme is adjusted into Ekstrem
The third example of spelling adjustment with single vowel is Ekstrem. This English loan word originally comes from Extreme in SL and undergoes spelling
adjustment with single vowel. The comparison of two words is as follows:
The comparison above can be explained as follows: 1. E E
– The vowel E is retained in both the SL and TL. 2. X KS
– The consonant X is adjusted into double consonant KS in the TL. 3. T T
– T is also retained in the TL. 4. R R
– the consonant R is also retained in TL . 5. E E
– the vowel E is also retained in TL. 6. M M
– The consonant M is used in TL by maintaining its original form. 7. E Ø
– The vowel E is deleted in TL . E
X T
R E
M E
Datum 43SL32TL54 E KS T
R E
M -
From the comparison of the two words, it can be seen that the SL Extreme undergoes single vowel adjustment before it is used in the TL as Ekstrem. It
undergoes the deletion of vowel E. The reason for the deletion of the vowel is because the e at the end of the Extreme is not pronounced. Therefore, according
to the rules, the vowel should be omitted. During the process to become an English loan word, the word Ekstrem also translate using literal translation
method.
b. Spelling Adjustment of Double Vowels
Spelling adjustment with double vowels is adjustment that happens to word with double vowels like ae, au, ea, ei, eo, ie, iu, oi, oo, ua, ue, ui, uo, and uu.
The example of spelling adjustment with double vowels is as follows:
1. Nucleus is Adjusted into Nukleus
Nukleus is a simple English loan word. It only undergoes spelling changes
from SL to TL. The change during the borrowing process is as follows:
The English loan word Nukleus TL is originally from the SL Nucleus. It
undergoes double vowels adjustment. The changes are as follows: 1. N N
– The consonant N is adjusted by keeping its original form in TL. 2. U U
– The vowel U is adjusted by retaining its original form in TL. 3. C K
– The consonant C is adjusted by changing it into K in TL. 4. L L
– The consonant L is adjusted by retaining its original form in TL N
U C
L E U
S Datum 38SL25TL45
N U
K L
E U S
