THE SITUATION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN IN INDONESIA 2000-2010 364
THE SITUATION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN IN INDONESIA 2000-2010 365
as Central Java, substantial inter-district disparities also exist. This SITAN therefore recommends that:
• If government or other agencies are working in provinces that are performing better overall in terms of national indicators of child welfare, then situation analyses should be undertaken
to examine inter-district and group disparities in these areas, as well as the policy innovations and challenges which may enhance or constrain improvements. Efforts to improve child
rights and welfare should then be focused on the worst performing regions and groups see Section 3 for inter-provincial disparities on particular indicators, and Section 4 for inter-district
disparities in education in Aceh, in health and nutrition in NTT, in HIV and AIDS prevalence in Papua, and the associated problems of rural poverty and resulting child migration in Central
Java.
• If government or other agencies target the worst performing provinces overall, they should be aware that inter-district and inter-group disparities are still likely to be present within these
provinces. Again, situation analysis of child welfare should be undertaken examining inter- district and group disparities in these areas, as well as the policy innovations and challenges
which may enhance or constrain improvements. Efforts to improve child rights and welfare should then be focused on the worst performing regions and groups.
5.8 RECOMMENDATION 8: STRENGTHENING THE DECENTRALISED
SYSTEM THROUGH LOCAL LEVEL CAPACITY BUILDING AND SUPPORT IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESSES - IMPROVING
CONSULTATIVE PLANNING PROCESSES, REGULATIONS, POLICY FORMULATION, PROGRAMME DESIGN, AND SERVICE DELIVERY TO
BE PRO-CHILD AND PRO-WOMEN
Recommendation for: GoI, UNICEF and other donors to assist the national and local level governments
While the legal and coordination framework, national policy guidelines and strategic plans receive continued attention in the RPJMN and in policy instruments at the national level, and have either
been established or are the process of being established in Indonesia, this SITAN finds in Section 4 that this does not always translate into strategies, policies, guidelines and practices at the local
level. There is therefore adequate scope for systems strengthening, particularly at the district level, through technical assistance in the development planning processes.
The discussion throughout this SITAN, but particularly in Section 4, has demonstrated that programme and service delivery at the local level is both a part of the problem of inequity in child
rights protection and child welfare, and part of the solution required to improve local conditions. Decentralisation allows for local governments to provide customised programming to address
local problems and needs.
5.8.1 AREAS REQUIRING SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING
Section 4 outlined the development planning process. At the national, provincial and district municipal levels, planning processes are undertaken for long-term, medium-term, and annual
development plans. They include community consultation and deliberation processes on development musrenbang at the village, sub-district, district and provincial levels, the
formulation of five-year strategic plans Renstra for each province and district overall as well as for local government OfficesBureausAgencies, and finally annual work-plans, budgets and
policies for each. BAPPEDA the district and provincial planning agencies has a key role in facilitating this process, and budgets and strategic plans must be ratified by the executive and
legislative branches of government. Figure 5.8.1 shows how the planning process works and the points at which the voices of
children, families and practitioners and their needs and priorities should be incorporated into the social planning process. The evidence presented in Section 4 demonstrates that in some
districts in the decentralised context this is uneven, weak or absent.
Figure 5.8.1: Weaknesses in the development planning process - Inadequate attention to the needs, priorities and voices of women and children
Furthermore, regardless of the resource base available for prioritising children’s needs, a number of gaps and weaknesses were identified in the process of pro-child policymaking and service
delivery, which are undermining the intended impact of local level initiatives on child rights and children’s and women’s welfare at the local level in the decentralised context. The key gaps and
weaknesses are as follows:
Provincial - level
musrenbang District and Provincial - level
policies and regulations Provincial -
level musrenbang
District level musrenbang
Sub-district level
musrenbang
Village level musrenbang
Village level musrenbang
Sub-district level
musrenbang District level
musrenbang District level
Strategic Plans District level
Work-Plans and Budget
Bureau of Women’s
Empowerment and Child
Protection Programmes
and services
Communities, Women, Children Line agenciesoffice SKPD work-plans
and strategic plans Renstra-SKPD e.g., Education, Health, Special Bureaus, etc.
