319 Since the structure of the temporal expressions considered in 9.3.2.1.2.1.1-14 is so
similar, there will be minimal comments throughout this section of – with specific
temporal reference.
9.3.2.1.2.1.1 With
With ,
occurs twice and eight times. The words evening and
morning occur many other times, of course, but only a total of ten times with . The
main function is to specify the period of the day during which the event of the main clause takes place.
In the evening he took his daughter Leah, and brought her
to him; and Jacob went in to her.
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc- vqw3ms
Po-np ncfscX3ms Pc- vhw3msXa PoX3fs PpX3ms Pc-
vqw3msXa PpX3fs
;5 1
8 B
Gen 29:23
In the morning, behold, it was Leah And he said to Laban,
“What is this you have done to me? Was it not for Rachel that I
served with you? Why then have you deceived me?”
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc-Pi- pi3fs np Pc-vqw3ms Pp-np pii-afs
vqp2ms PpX1cs Pg-Pn Pp-np vqp1cs PpX2fs Pc-Pg vpp2msX1cs
, F .;
; 8 3 3 43 5
?
Gen 29:25
In the morning his spirit was troubled, so he sent and called
for all the magicians of Egypt, and all its wise men. And
Pharaoh told them his dreams, but there was no one who could
interpret them to Pharaoh. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc-
vnw3fs ncbscX3ms Pc-vqw3ms Pc- vqw3ms Po-ncmsc-ncmpc np Pc-
Po-ncmsc-ampcX3fs Pc-vpw3ms np PpX3mp Po-ncmscX3ms Pc-Pd-
vqPms PoX3mp Pp-np
; 5 36E
8 + +
; ?
Gen 41:8
320
In the evening the quails came up and covered the camp, and in
the morning there was a layer of dew around the camp.
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc- vqw3fsXa
Pa-ncfs Pc-vpw3fsXa Po-Pa-ncbs Pc-Pp+Pa-ncms vqp3fs
ncfsc Pa-ncms Pd Pp+Pa-ncbs
3 5
K 5
8 3 M
Exod 16:13
In the morning Balak took Balaam and brought him up to
the high places of Baal, and he saw from there a portion of the
people. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc-
vqw3ms
np Po-np Pc- vhw3msX3ms np Pc-vqw3msXa
Pp-Pd ncmsc Pa-ncms
1 8 -
H +
Num 22:41
In the morning Jonathan went out into the field for the
appointment with David, and a little lad was with him.
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc- vqw3ms
np Pa-ncms Pp-ncms np Pc-ncms ams PpX3ms
+ K
+ 8 ;3 6
1 Sam 20:35
But in the morning, when the wine had gone out of Nabal, his
wife told him these things, and his heart died within him so that
he became as a stone. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pp-vqc
Pa-ncms Pp-np Pc-vhw3fsXa- PpX3ms ncfscX3ms Po-Pa-ncmp
Pa-acp Pc-vqw3ms ncmscX3ms Pp- ncmscX3ms Pc-pi3ms vqp3ms Pp-
ncfs
, ;5
; G5 8
; ;
1 Sam 25:37
In the morning David wrote a letter to Joab and sent it by the
hand of Uriah. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc-
vqw3ms np ncms Pp-np Pc- vqw3ms
Pp-ncfsc np
+ 5
8
2 Sam 11:14
In the morning about the time of offering the sacrifice, behold,
water came by the way of Edom, and the country was filled with
water. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pp-vqc
Pa-ncfs Pc-Pi-ncmp vqPmp Pp-ncbs np Pc-vnw3fs Pa-ncbs Po-Pa-ncmp
3 +
35 + : 4 8 3
2 Kgs 3:20
321
In the morning he went out and stood and said to all the people,
“You are innocent; behold, I conspired against my master
and killed him, but who killed all these?
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncms Pc- vqw3ms
Pc-vqw3ms Pc-vqw3ms Pp-ncmsc-Pa-ncms amp pi2mp Pi
pi1cs vqp1cs Pp-ncmscX1cs Pc- vqw1csX3ms Pc-pii vhp3ms Po-
ncmsc-acp
; 5
5 8 ,
C ;
2 Kgs 10:9
Aspects of three of the above examples require further comment:
1 Sam 25:37
This occurrence of the
INFC
- , , further
specifies the time at which the event of the main clause occurred. This event, Nabal getting sober, is included within the temporal frame
established by .
2 Kgs 3:20
Within the temporal frame established by , the
time of the next event is further specified by 3
+ . See 9.3.2.2.1 for further discussion of the use of
INFC
- .
2 Kgs 10:9
Following , is one of the occurrences of three
WAYYIQTOL
forms in
RAPID SUCCESSION
6.4.1.4. 9.3.2.1.2.1.2
With
Literally at that time, expresses the temporal overlap of the beginning
of a new scene with the end of the previous one. This is not strict simultaneity, but rather it indicates that the events linked by this temporal expression occurred within the same
time period. In two of the examples, the verb which follows the temporal expression is a
WAYYIQTOL
, but in the third example, the temporal expression is followed by a
WE
-
X
-
QATAL
.
322
At that time, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his
army, spoke to Abraham, saying, “God is with you in all that you
do; Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncbs Pa-pi3fs
Pc-vqw3ms np Pc-np ncms- ncbscX3ms Pp-np Pp-vqc ncmp
PpX2ms Pp-ncms Pr-pi2ms vqPms
4 ;
? : ; F
8 F 5 L3
Gen 21:22
At that time, Judah departed from his brothers and visited a
certain Adullamite, whose name was Hirah.
Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncbs Pa-pi3fs Pc-vqw3msXa np Pp-Pp
ncmpcX3ms Pc-vqw3msXa Pp- ncms np Pc-ncmscX3ms np
8 ;
,O 6
Gen 38:1
During that time, Jeroboam had gone out of Jerusalem and the
prophet Ahijah the Shilonite found him on the road. Now
Ahijah had clothed himself with a new cloak; and both of them
were alone in the field. Pc-vqw3msXa Pp+Pa-ncbs Pa-pi3fs
Pc-np vqp3ms Pp-np Pc-vqw3ms PoX3ms np Pa-np Pa-ncms Pp+Pa-
ncbs Pc-pi3ms vtPms Pp-ncfs afs Pc-amdcX3mp Pp-ncmscX3mp
Pp+Pa-ncms
4 ? -
; F
I 8 K
1 Kgs 11:29
The following contextual features merit comment:
Gen 21:22
This statement occurs after the summary of God being with Hagar and Ishmael. Waltke comments that this “indicates that the events
of Scene 7 Gen 21:22-34 occur at the same time as the events of Scene 6 Gen 21:1-21 Waltke and Fredericks 2001, 299.
Gen 38:1
This occurrence follows the statement regarding Joseph being sold to Potiphar. Again, regarding the occurrence of
in Gen 38:1, Waltke comments that “[d]uring the same period of time that
Judah is begetting children by his Canaanite wife, Joseph is begetting children by his Egyptian wife 41:50-52 Waltke and Fredericks 2001,
299.
1 Kgs 11:29
In the preceding context, Solomon had appointed Jeroboam over all the forced labor of the House of Joseph. The use of
indicates that the following events occurred during the time that Jeroboam
323 was enjoying the good favor of Solomon. The
WE
-
X
-
QATAL
here expresses
ANTERIORITY
relative to the
WAYYIQTOL
which follows.
9.3.2.1.2.1.3 Infinitive Construct +
