With Meaning “became” and Indicating Possession With Indicating Distribution

200 speaker’s perspective is unambiguously marked as referring to the initiation of a state. In Gen 19:26, 8 5 ;5 6 5 , this perspective is significant, indicating that when Lot’s wife looked back, she was a pillar of salt. It is obvious that at one moment Lot’s wife was a living, breathing human being and that at another moment she became a salt statue. What is being argued here on the basis of the absence of is that the writer’s perspective seems to indicate that the transformation into salt was so instantaneous that when she turned to look back she already was a pillar of salt. In contrast to this example, in Gen 2:7, , the becoming is in focus, indicated by in . English versions have many instances of without translated as “become,” but this is questionable in several places. The context of without may indicate that the meaning “become” is appropriate, but this needs to be determined on a case by case basis.

8.2.1.8.8 With Meaning “became” and Indicating Possession

The occurrence of with both meaning “became” and indicating possession is a perfect example of overlap in these uses. In these examples, neither function appears to be primary, so they are listed together. she became my wife Pc-vqw3fsXa-PpX1cs Pp-ncfs - 5 Gen 20:12 she became his wife Pc-vqw3fsXa-PpX3ms Pp-ncfs - ; 5 Gen 24:67 he became her son. Pc-vqw3msXa-PpX3fs Pp-ncms B Exod 2:10 201 it became a snare to Gideon and to his family Pc-vqw3msXa Pp-np Pc-Pp- ncmscX3ms Pp-ncms 8 + ; +C Judg 8:27 he became his priest. Pc-vqw3msXa-PpX3ms Pp-ncms ; Judg 17:5 she became his wife Pc-vqw3fsXa-PpX3ms Pp-ncfs - ; 5 1 Sam 25:42 the Moabites became David’s servants, bringing tribute Pc-vqw3fsXa np Pp-np Pp+Pa- ncmp vqPmpc ncfs F ; + 5 2 Sam 8:2 the Arameans became David’s servants Pc-vqw3fsXa np Pp-np Pp+Pa- ncmp vqPmpc ncfs 5 2 Sam 8:6 she became his wife Pc-vqw3fsXa-PpX3ms Pp-ncfs - ; 5 2 Sam 11:27 he became their commander; Pc-vqw3msXa PpX3mp Pp-ncms F 2 Sam 23:19 He became my salvation Pc-vqw3msXa-PpX1cs Pp-ncfs Isa 12:2 He became their Savior. Pc-vqw3msXa PpX3mp Pp-vhPms + Isa 63:8 Your words became for me a joy and the delight of my heart; Pc-vqw3msXa ncmpcX2ms ncmscX2ms PpX1cs Pp-ncms F +FF L Jer 15:16 They confronted me in the day of my calamity, the LORD became my stay. vpi3mpX1cs Pp-ncms-ncmscX1cs Pc-vqw3msXa-np Pp-ncms PpX1cs + 8 Psa 18:19 It became my reproach Pc-vqw3fsXa Pp+Pa-ncfp PpX1cs + 5 Psa 69:11 the LORD became my stronghold, Pc-vqw3msXa np PpX1cs Pp-ncms GF Psa 94:22 He became my salvation. Pc-vqw3msXa-PpX1cs Pp-ncfs Psa 118:14 and she became his wife, Pc-vqw3fs ncms - ; 5 Ruth 4:13 and became his nurse Pc-vqw3fsXa-PpX3ms Pp-vqPfs ; 5 Ruth 4:16 202 and became their commander; Pc-vqw3msXa PpX3mp Pp-ncms F 1 Chr 11:21

8.2.1.8.9 With Indicating Distribution

In two examples, the preposition is used with the sense of to, for. This is the DISTRIBUTIVE use as discussed in Williams §281 1976, 50. Thus the word of Samuel came to all Israel. Pc-vqw3msXa ncmsc-np Pp-ncmsc- np F 1 Sam 4:1 Solomons provision for one day was Pc-vqw3msXa ncmsc-np Pp-ncms ams + ? 1 Kgs 5:2

8.2.1.8.10 With Followed by Infinitive Construct