Background of Analysis INTRODUCTION

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of Analysis

Knowledge and technology have developed for so many years. They have developed not only in one place, but also in many places, nations, and even continents. Books that contain of the knowledge and technology are written in their native languages of the nation where they have developed. In order to share and learn the knowledge and technology, every country or nation needs to translate the books into their own languages. Here, translation plays an important role, as an interlingual communication, for developing countries to get the information and technology. “Translation is basically a change of form. When we speak of the form of the language, we are referring to the actual words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, etc., which are spoken or written. These forms are referred to as the surface structure of a language. It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in speech. In translation the form of source language is replaced by the form of the receptor target language.” Larson in Meaning-Based Translation, 1984:3 Products of translation are vary. It can be verbal spoken or nonverbal written. The verbal product is usually recorded as audio file, for example in a movie. Sometimes this audio file is used in dubbing a movie from SL into TL. The translator usually translates the dialogue from the SL into TL, and then the dubber will record the dialogue in TL. For nonverbal or written products of translation, Universitas Sumatera Utara 2 thetranslator usually translates them into books, documents, scripts, and even subtitles in the movie. Subtitle is words that translate what is said in a filmmovie into different language and appear on the screen at the bottom. Oxford Advanced Learner´s Dictionary, 2000:1350. In subtitling, translator has to consider many things, those are: the duration of the text that will appear on the screen; how many characters that can appear on the screen; what terms the translator should use; what ideology he should use; and how he translates the idioms that exist in the dialogue. Different with other kind of phrases, idioms need certain procedure to translate them, since idiom is a number of words which, when taken together have different meaning from the individual meaning of each word Seidl and McMordie, 1988:13. Some idioms has metaphor feeling in it. Wren and Martin 1990: 318 in their book High School English Grammar and Composition, states “The student who studies the following selection of English idioms will notice that metaphor enters largely into Idiomatic phraseology”. In their book, they give many examples of idioms, some of them: a. I have it at my fingers´ ends. If the sentence above is literally comprehended, the reader, which not the native of the language, can be confused and cannot understand what it is mean. The real meaning of that sentence is “I” know about “it” thoroughly. b. The attack may be launched at any time, so you must be on the alert. On the alert here means on your guard or ready to act. c. I wash my hands of the whole matter. “Wash my hands of” here means that “I” refuse to have anything more to do it. Universitas Sumatera Utara 3 Beside of having metaphor feeling in it, idioms also can be different from one country to another. It happens because the differences of culture between the SL area and the TL area. Therefore, sometimes there are idiomsfrom the SL which do not have any equal idioms in the TL. This study is focused on the subtitle of English idioms into Indonesian in “The Hobbit, Unexpexted Journey” movie. “The Hobbit” is an adventure movie. There are many idioms in the dialogues. One example from the movie, “overmy dead body.” is translated into “langkahidulumayatku”. From the example it can be seen that the translation is also an idiom. It also has metaphor feeling in it. It means the idiom in English has its equivalent idioms in Indonesia. Another example, “make sure you keep an eye on her” is translated into “pastikankauselalumengawasinya”. In this example we can see the idiom is not translated into idiom because it has no equivalent idiom in Indonesia.

1.2. Problem of Analysis