Related Studies Literature Review

especially reveals the African American life. Then, the researcher read the study guide and she also had to look up the meaning and understand the selected poems that contain the syntactic deviations. Hence, they become the focus of this research to analyze the purposes of the author wrote The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes using syntactic deviations. Figure 2: Analytical Construct P O E T I C U T T E R A N C E S THE COLLECTED POEM OF LANGSTON HUGHES STYLISTICS LANGUAGE LITERARY WORKS NORMALSTANDARD DEVIATING LANGUAGE DEVIATION 1921-1930 1931-1940 1951-1960 1961-1967 1941-1950 LEXICAL PHONOLOGICAL GRAPHOLOGICAL SEMANTIC DIALECTICAL REGISTER HISTORICAL PERIOD GRAMMATICAL A Stylistic Analysis of Syntactic Deviation in the Collected Poems of Langston Hughes edited by Arnold Rampersad David Roessel MORPHOLOGICAL SYNTACTIC TYPES PP Displacement NP Displacement AP Displacement Adverb Displacement Subject Displacement Multiple Negation Inversion TO SHOW JAZZ MUSIC THAT EXPRESS SORROW AND LONELINESS TO PORTRAY AMERICAN’S DREAM TO SHOW AFRICAN- AMERICAN’S STRUGGLE TO DEPICT RACISM IN AMERICA TO FACE DIFFICULTY WISELY TO SHOW SELF- ACTUALIZATION OTHERS FUNCTIONS P O E T I C U T T E R A N C E S THE COLLECTED POEM OF LANGSTON HUGHES STYLISTICS LANGUAGE LITERARY WORKS NORMALSTANDARD DEVIATING LANGUAGE DEVIATION 1921-1930 1931-1940 1951-1960 1961-1967 1941-1950 LEXICAL PHONOLOGICAL GRAPHOLOGICAL SEMANTIC DIALECTICAL REGISTER HISTORICAL PERIOD GRAMMATICAL A Stylistic Analysis of Syntactic Deviation in The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes edited by Arnold Rampersad David Roessel MORPHOLOGICAL SYNTACTIC TYPES PP Displacement NP Displacement AP Displacement Adverb Displacement Subject Displacement Multiple Negation Inversion TO SHOW JAZZ MUSIC THAT EXPRESS SORROW AND LONELINESS TO PORTRAY AMERICAN’S DREAM TO SHOW AFRICAN- AMERICAN’S STRUGGLE TO DEPICT RACISM IN AMERICA TO FACE DIFFICULTY WISELY TO SHOW SELF- ACTUALIZATION OTHERS AUTHOR’S PURPOSES 46

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

This chapter presents the research method and is divided into five parts: research type, data and source of data, research instrument, research procedures, and trustworthiness.

A. Research Type

Qualitative research was applied in this study. According to Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009: 7, they state that narrative or textual descriptions of the phenomena under studies is produced by qualitative research. Moreover, Bogdan in Stainback,1988 states that qualitative research has the natural setting as the direct source of the data. He states that in the descriptive qualitative research the collected data are in the form of words rather than numbers. This research used stylistic analysis to reveal the phenomenon of syntactic deviations and the author’s purposes wrote The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes using syntactic deviations. In general, the study tried to describe the phenomena of syntactic deviations that occurs in Langston Hughes’ poems as richly as possible in the form of description for a better understanding.