Suffix –ize SUFFIXES IN ENGLISH .1 Suffix –en

5.1.4 Suffix –ize

a. Form • It is found that suffix –ize can be attached to the base which is ended by vowel phoneme. e.g: sterile + -ize Æ sterilize • It is found that suffix –ize can be attached to the base which is ended with consonant phoneme. e.g.: modern + -ize Æ modernize apology + -ize Æ apologize • It is found that suffix –ize can be attached to the base which is ended with semivowel phoneme. e.g.: author + -ize Æ authorize character + -ize Æ characterize • It is found that suffix –ize can not be attached to the base which is ended with diphthong phoneme. • It is found that suffix –ize can not be attached to the base which is ended with cluster phoneme. From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –ize can be attached to the base which is ended by vocal, consonant, and semivowel phoneme. b. Distribution Suffix –ize may be attached to the base form as follows: • Noun e.g: terror n + -ize Æ terrorize Universitas Sumatera Utara memory n + -ize Æ memorize • Adjective e.g: natural adj + -ize Æ naturalize sterile adj + -ize Æ sterilize From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –ize can be attached to the base of noun and adjective. The word ‘terror’ and ‘memory’ are included in noun and the word ‘natural’ and ‘sterile’ are included in adjective. c. Function The function of suffix –ize may be described as follows: • To form verb from noun e.g: sympathy n + -ize Æ sympathize v material n + -ize Æ materialize v • To form verb from adjective e.g: legal adj + -ize Æ legalize v liberal adj + -ize Æ liberalize v From the data above, the functions of suffix –ize are to form verb from noun and adjective. The words ‘sympathy’ and ‘material’ are included in noun; if they are attached by suffix –ize they become ‘sympathize’ and ‘materialize’ that are included in verb. Meanwhile, the words ‘legal’ and ‘liberal’ are included in adjective; if they are attached by suffix –ize, they become ‘legalize’ and ‘liberalize’ that are included in verb. Universitas Sumatera Utara d. Meaning The meaning of suffix –ize may be described as follows: • To indicate the meaning of ‘make’ or ‘become’ e.g: victim + -ize Æ victimize ‘make a victim of’ special + -ize Æ specialize ‘become specialist’ If the word ‘victim’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘victimize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘make a victim of’. And also, if the word ‘special’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘specialize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘becomes specialist’. • To indicate the meaning of ‘act with qualities of’ e.g: economy + -ize Æ economize ‘be economical’ patron + -ize Æ patronize ‘act as patron towards’ If the word ‘economy’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘economize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘be economical’. And also, if the word ‘patron’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘patronize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘act as patron towards’. • To indicate the meaning of ‘to do an action’ e.g: author + -ize Æ authorize ‘give authority to’ character + -ize Æ characterize ‘show in special way’ If the word ‘author’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘authorize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘give authority to’. And also, if the word ‘character’ is attached by suffix –ize, it becomes ‘characterize’ that indicates the meaning of ‘show in special way’. Universitas Sumatera Utara

5.1.5 Suffix –ness