I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Language is purely important as tools of communication. We, as human beings, need it as a medium of communication through which we express our
emotions, ideas, feelings and thoughts to our fellow people. We as the member of the society or social group use language to convey our needs, desires, and
everything what we want to express to the society. And also it indicates the existence of human beings. It means that we, as human, cannot do our activities
without using language. Whatever we do in this world, we use language to express everything in our mind, for example: warning someone or requesting
something, etc. We can also express what in our mind by using gesture or body movement, action, signal, and sound. Example: if we want to say “no” we can
move our head from side to side. So, I predict that language is the means of communication or sounds, signs, symbols that have meaning.
Some other linguists like Sapir 1921:8 also states that Language is a purely human and non instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions, and desires
by means of a system of voluntarily produced symbols. Also, Parera 1991:74
states that Language happening humanly exists in a society or nations.
From those quotations above, it is known that the language plays a vital role in human life and also has many advantages of many various aspects of human life.
Human has to stay along with language because human cannot interrelate without using language. By language, human is able to interact and communicate one to
another for whatever they do.
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In studying a language, we need knowledge about it. It is called Linguistics. Ridwan 1997:1 says that linguistics is the science of language, or,
the field of the study the subject of which is language .
One of linguistic aspects is concerned to the contrastive analysis. Ridwan 1998:8 states that Analisis Kontrastif adalah suatu metode penganalisisan
linguistik yang berusaha mendeskripsikan, membuktikan, dan menguraikan perbedaan atau persamaan aspek-aspek kebahasaan dari dua bahasa atau lebih
yang dibandingkan Contrastive Analysis is a method of linguistic analysis that
tries to describe, prove, and analyze the dissimilarities and similarities of audio- lingual aspects of two or more compared languages. The use of terms ‘similarity
and dissimilarity’ are narrow or limited because those terms refer to the condition if all aspects that are compared are same they can be said ‘similarity’ and vise
verse. So, it is advised to use the terms ‘correspondence’, ‘partly-correspondence’, and ‘non-correspondence’.
In this occasion, I would like to make the contrast between English and Batak Simalungun language in terms of suffixes. It has known that suffix is one of
affixes. An affix is a morpheme which only occurs when attached to some other morpheme or morphemes such as a root or stem or base
Katamba 1993:44. Obviously, by definition affixes are bound morpheme.
Nida 1949: 6 says that morpheme is the meaningful unit of which language is composed
. Affix is concluded bound morpheme because it can not stand alone and must be
attached to the based form. It is also same with suffix because as said above suffix is one of affixes.
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Katamba 1993:44 says that a suffix is an affix attached after a root or stem or base like –ly, -er, -ist, -s, -ing and -ed
. For example:
Base form suffix
ENGLISH play + {–er} Æ player
BATAK SIMALUNGUN inum
+ {-on} Æ inumon
LANGUAGE ‘drink’
‘which is drunk’
English and Batak Simalungun Language absolutely come from different language families. And also, I come from Batak Simalungun family. That is why I
am interested in analyzing the suffixation of the two languages. Dealing with the contrastive analysis between English and Batak
Simalungun Language in affixation process especially in suffixes, the writer is going to answer the question “Are there any correspondences, partly
correspondences, and non-correspondences between English and Batak Simalungun Language in terms of their suffixes?”
1.2 Problems
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