5.1.6 Suffix –tion
a. Form • It is found that suffix –tion can be attached to the base which is ended by
vowel phoneme. e.g: solve
v + -tion Æ solution
reduce v
+ -tion
Æ reduction • It is found that suffix –tion can not be attached to the base which is ended with
consonant phoneme. • It is found that suffix –tion can not be attached to the base which is ended with
semivowel phoneme. • It is found that suffix –tion can be attached to the base which is ended with
diphthong phoneme. e.g.: destroy
+ -tion Æ destruction
• It is found that suffix –tion can not be attached to the base which is ended with cluster phoneme.
From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –tion can be attached to the base which is ended by vowel, and semivowel phoneme.
b. Distribution Suffix –tion may be attached to the base form of verb only.
e.g: solve v
+ -tion Æ solution reduce
v +
-tion Æ reduction
From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –tion can be attached to the base of verb. The word ‘solve’ and ‘reduce’ are included in verb. If they are
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attached by suffix –ness, they become ‘seriousness’ and loneliness that are included in adjective.
c. Function The function of suffix –tion is to form noun from ver.
e.g: pronounce v
+ -tion Æ pronunciation n
describe v
+ -tion
Æ description n
From the data above, the function of suffix -tion is to form noun from verb. The words ‘pronounce’ and ‘describe’ are included in verb; if they are
attached by suffix –tion, they become ‘pronunciation’ and ‘description’ that are included in noun.
d. Meaning The meaning of suffix –tion is to indicate the meaning of ‘show action’.
e.g: compete + -tion Æ
competition ‘people compete’ solve
+ -tion
Æ solution ‘way to solve’
From the data above, if the word ‘compete’ and ‘solve’ are attached by suffix –ness, they become ‘competition’ and ‘solution’ that indicate the meaning
of ‘show an action’. It is shown that ‘competition’ indicates the meaning of ‘people compete’, while ‘solution’ indicates the meaning of ‘the way to solve’.
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5.1.7 Suffix –ment