5.1.20 Suffix –hood
a. Form • It is found that suffix –hood can be attached to the base which is ended by
vowel phoneme. e.g.: false
+ -hood
Æ falsehood • It is found that suffix –hood can be attached to the base which is ended with
consonant phoneme. e.g.:
child +
-hood Æ childhood
• It is found that suffix –hood can be attached to the base which is ended with semivowel phoneme.
e.g.: brother +
-hood Æ brotherhood
neighbor +
-hood Æ neighborhood
• It is found that suffix –hood can not be attached to the base which is ended with diphthong phoneme.
• It is found that suffix –hood can not be attached to the base which is ended with cluster phoneme.
From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –hood can be attached to the base which is ended by vowel, consonant, and semivowel phoneme.
b. Distribution Suffix –hood may be attached to the base as follows:
• Adjective e.g.: false
adj + -hood
Æ falsehood
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• Noun e.g.: brother
n +
-hood Æ brotherhood
neighbor n
+ -hood
Æ neighborhood From the data above, it can be seen that suffix –hood can be attached to
the base of adjective and noun. The word ‘false’ is included in adjective. If suffix –hood is attached to it, it becomes ‘falsehood’. And also, the word ‘brother’ and
‘neighbor’ are included in noun. If suffix –hood is attached to them, they become ‘brotherhood’ and ‘neighborhood’.
c. Function The function of suffix –hood is to form noun from adjective and does not
change the word class if it attached to the base form of noun. e.g.: false
adj + -hood
Æ falsehood n
mother n
+ -hood
Æ motherhood n
If suffix –hood is attached to adjective, so it will change the name of word class. It can be seen from the word ‘false’. If suffix –hood is attached to it, it
becomes ‘falsehood’ that is included in noun. But if suffix –hood is attached to base of noun, it will not change the name of word class. It can be seen from the
word ‘mother’. If suffix –hood is attached to it, it becomes ‘motherhood’ that is included in noun too.
d. Meaning The meaning of suffix –hood is ‘a condition, often during a particular
period of time or a group of sharing characteristics.
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e.g.: child + -hood
Æ childhood ‘particular
period of time of child’ false
+ -hood
Æ falsehood ‘false condition’
From the data above, it can be seen that if suffix –hood is attached to the base, it indicates the meaning of ‘a condition, often during a particular period of
time or a group of sharing characteristics’. In example above, if suffix –hood is attached to the word ‘child’ and ‘false’, it will form the word ‘childhood’ and
‘falsehood’ that indicates the meaning of ‘particular period of time of child’ and ‘false condition’.
5.2 SUFFIXES IN BATAK SIMALUNGUN LANGUAGE 5.2.1 Suffix –an
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