Purposes and Principles Membership and Structure

wants to become members should get the recommendation from the Security Council to be admitted by the General Assembly. The official languages are Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish and Arabic. The UN consists of six principal organs which are explained below. 1 The General Assembly The General Assembly is the organ of the UN which consists of representatives of all member states, each of which has one vote. Some of their jobs are to consider and to make recommendations on the principles of cooperation in the maintenance of international peace and security, to elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and additional members of the Trusteeship Council when necessary and to elect, together with the Security Council, the judges of the ICJ and lastly, on the recommendation of the Security Council, to appoint the Secretary General. 2 The Security Council The United Nations Security Council UNSC is the peace and security keeper of UN. It consists of 15 members 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members. The P5 5 permanent members is UK, USA, France, Republic of China, and the Russian Federation. The P5 is granted with the veto right which enables them to object to any resolutions made under the UNSC. Meanwhile, the 10 non-permanent members are elected by General Assembly for a two-year term only and do not possess the veto right. The main job of the UNSC is to create and maintain the peace and security. One of the ways is to create approaches to the conflicted parties which may create the insecure circumstances. 3 The Economic and Social Council The Economic and Social Council ECOSOC consists of 54 members. They are placed based on the geographical areas which are 14 for African states, 11 to Asian states, 6 to Eastern European states, 10 to Latin American and Caribbean states, and 13 to Western European and other states. The members are only serving for three-year terms. Its main job is to discuss, make and formulate any economic policy recommendation addressed for the UN member and the UN system itself. 4 The Trusteeship Council The Trusteeship Council is an organ of the UN which provides international supervision for 11 Trust Territories to ensure that they take proper steps for the self-government. 5 The International Court of Justice It is the principal judicial organ of the UN which is located at The Hague The Netherlands. This court is charged with legal disputes between states. It is not open for private people, entities and other international organization. 6 The Secretariat The UN Secretariat consists of staff members representing all nationalities working under UN. Its function is to service the other principal organs of the UN and administer the programmes and policies created by them. The Secretary-General, who is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the UNSC, acts as the head of the Secretariat for a renewable five-year term.

d. Issues

1 Politics The UN now are facing the hard time where there are a lot disputes between countries. The case of Arab Spring which arouse in 2010 still bring many bad impacts. Not only the problem of maintaining the growth of the newly democratic countries like Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and so forth but also the problem of the ongoing war still exist until now such as the war in Syria. The worse news is that how the country cannot only secure its sovereignty from the rebellions but also how it causes the country into a damage and chaotic country. This resulted into how there are many citizens choose to seek for the asylum from the neighbourhood countries. Another ongoing war still happens between Israel and Palestine. Luckily even if the resolution has been voted by the US for many times, Palestine’s flag can finally be put in the UN office in 2015. It shows that Palestine has been acknowledged by the UN as an official country and official member of the UN. Thus the UN can give any measures to help the conflicting parties in the war in which this is considered as a good move from the UN in creating and maintaining the peace in the world. 2 Economy The world is facing the economic problem such as poverty, gap of prosperity, unsustainable development, unfair trade and the increasing of immobilizing foreign debt. In finding the resolution for that problems, the UN urges the adoption of macroeconomic policies that address current imbalances between the North and South. The UN also established some sub-organizations such as the UNDP United Nations Development Programme, the UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework, the UNCDF United Nations Capital Development Fund and so forth to provide sound policy advice and to help to generate the equitable