Examples of neva NOT .1 Primitive Syntax

318 follow. He has his things to do. With these people, you cannot depend on it. Some of them, I don’t say all, some of them is pretty good. But not all. I figure 25 percent is good, 75 percent is no good. MY:1482 So when I told the president that I cannot take that job, boy, he shake my hand, boy. He said, “You real good man. You loyal to one boss. That’s what I like. That’s a good man.” He no tell me no good. He tell me, “You good. That’s very, very good. You are very loyal to your boss. That’s what’s good.” MY:1475 We catch all the fish, we put ’em inside one big da kine fish trap. Then, this guy from Yanai, the peddler, he come buy the fish. I tell my grandfather, “The peddler crooking you.” Japan, when they come, they no more scale. They get da kine weight. The thing here is long, so they balance it with a.... “I think the thing no good,” I tell him. NK:918 No, no good. Yeah, the taro root will cut, and then taro no good for poi. They come all spoil. So, that’s why, we were saying, seven month, leave the taro like that, cover all up. And we no work no more. NK:932 Yeah, no good. The kids. Ho, if you miss one lesson and if you make mistake, they call you, “Stupid, stupid.” SU:1521 Then, hammer, we don’t know. So I just bought the hammer. I figure, well, light hammer is better. No, light hammer is no good. Medium-size hammer is good. So every time when you near, you smash your finger, see. Then, same time, when you use the kanna, you don’t know how to use the kanna. You know, Japan kanna. SU:1525 And come home time, we run. Because in the morning when you run and go, we sweat, everything, no good, eh? But come home time, we don’t care, sweat or no sweat. That’s what we used to do. But me, fortunately I was lucky because I had my uncle at Hilo. Yeah. YA:1073 We move over here, we stay here till now. I still living here. And now, my wife passed away, but I still no like move away from this place here. I like to stay in the house myself. My daughter tell me move up her house and stay. Aiea. I say, no, no good. Go up Aiea, you not convenient. You no can catch the bus. You no can. Over here, you just walk outside there, get the bus, see? That’s why I like live here. 5.41.4.6 no PLACE There are no canonical examples of negated predicative PLACE. There is a single good near-canonical place predication negated with no: ER:772 So, I walk on. Bumbai I walk up there, my aunty see me, ’cause my aunty she know me. When my aunty tell to the husband, she tell, “The boy look like Ernest, yeah, coming up.” My uncle tell, “Nah, that’s not him. He no stay Lana‘i.” “But look like that’s him. He coming.” Bumbai, I see, I come near the house. I laugh, I make my hand like that. My aunty tell my uncle, “Yeah, that’s him, look, he waving.” I go in there. The following is also a possible example of a near-canonical place predication negated with no: ER:847 Oh, Munro time, yeah, we work about eight hours, and we start about six o’clock and we go out. We go out maybe we pau hana three o’clock like that, eh, we reach home three o’clock pau hana. We no stay outside three o’clock and pau hana and come all the way. Maybe where we stay, maybe one hour for us stay come home. By the time reach home going be three o’clock. Three o’clock or four o’clock. I think four o’clock we pau hana.

5.41.5 Examples of neva

5.41.5.1 neva THINK The following canonical examples use neva to negate THINK: 319 AK:634 Well, the horse sick, I don’t know. There’s no more doctor. We never think of taking to horse doctors. Well, so far, my horses never get sick, though. They die by old age, or maybe.... ER:754 No, I never think about that. I only think about work. I gotta take care two brothers. I never think about school. NC:158 Broke off from the hallway. You get a hallway about six feet and just went off, all wrecked into pieces. My boy said, “This one looks like going cover the house.” I says, “Gee, cover the house. You better get inside. It’s better to die in the house than.... nobody can find our body if we stay outside.” I never think the house was going to wreck because it is well built. So he said, “No, it won’t cover the house. It will reach about the window high.” And that’s pretty high because the window is about seven feet from the floor the top of the window. Another foot and you hit the ceiling. So all of a sudden I hear a crash and I said, “What happened?” He said, “We sailing” The whole house went. NK:954 Yeah. Only for the family for eat. And they never think of selling. But when the Japanese people came in, well, they find out. Well, they go out, they contact to other people where they can sell. Hawaiians, where they going contact? They don’t know nobody in the Mainland, nobody in Japan. Like Japanese, they come Hawaii, they can write to their family. See? What they making here and all that. And then, contact, they send. NK:945 Yeah. Took care of my father. So, that’s why, he had the land, so when he die, he said that’s his land. So, when he died, my father was–I don’t know how old he was–but he never.... He know, he heard the tutu tell he own the land. But he don’t know. After that, he came big boy and he never think about land. So, Kalokuokamahele... NK:954 That’s why I said. The Hawaiians never think, those days, what to do to make money. Because they don’t know where to sell all what they going to make. Only they plant cabbage and all da kine for themself eat. Even like vegetable... YA:1063 So, when they come eat, we tell ’em, “This is rabbit, this is chicken.” Everybody pick up one for try. They come back. Everybody eat rabbit, no like the chicken. That time, I work shipyard that time, you know. Get friend, eh? I never thought he say, he no like eat. But when he eat one time, he say, “Good.” “Oh,” he said, “better than chicken.” YA:1069 The back all burned, the house. And all, inside, all da kine mattress and everything, burn up. The Samoan people live there. His kid go play match, catch fire. That’s all I know, see.I never know was one house burning away. I hear the fire engine call. Ambulance, you know, all come over here, fire. And I go look. I never thought was a fire. 5.41.5.2 neva WANT The following canonical examples use neva to negate WANT: AK:666 But the entrance, to get inside, you have to crawl to get inside. And then, when you get inside, then you can stand up. You walk quite a ways inside. When I went in there, I had see a canoe was in there. I saw a canoe. I never like go more in. Kind of get scared. I never did touch nothing. I just look and I come out. Nice place. Good place. Too bad they never see it. ER:830 Yeah, him the one knock off that. He never like down there, he like only up here. ER:880 The people, they went–who like go anyplace and go any kind ranch, work. And this cowboy place over here, they recommend you go any kind place where you like. If you like go Hawaii cowboy, if you like go Honolulu, you like go Maui, so the company, the ranch company over here, they go recommend you, where you like go work. Because they ask, if they like cowboy there. So they ask us if we like go, what place we like go. I never like go. I say I going stay Lana‘i, go work plantation. So some guys wen go Maui. Some guys went Hawaii. Some guys went Honolulu. GF:308 “...The plantation ask me lot of time to work for them and I never go back work.” You see, the olden days, most of the Chinese people, the plantation, they have Chinese people sugar boiler in the mill. So they asked me to be an apprentice, work in the mill for sugar boiling. I never wanted to work for somebody. We always had been on our own. 320 GF:338 Oh yeah. They get their know-how. I never learn from him so much. Because, he and I, we speak different dialect. And in the first place, he never wanted me to marry his daughter. His daughter was already spoken for. LE:140 But she neva like, so... NK:950 Yeah, my father never like that. That’s why, she never keep up. But she used to do that, she said, when no more people entertain the... 5.41.5.3 neva KNOW The following canonical examples use neva to negate KNOW: AK:623 Bottle. Glass. I know me and my partner here, this one and this guy, when he came from Hilo, we were partners. He know all the Hilo policemen. So one time we went on one old Chevrolet car. We had about five those kinds, demijohns. So he took he and I right in the police station. We never know what was his idea, so he and I stayed on the car. So, you can smell liquor, you know. But everytime we look, one police come back and go inside the station. Then he and I tell, “Eh, we stay in police station or what?” “What the hell he no come out?” Then when we get mad with him, we want to go for him, to give him licking over there. AK:645 Like before, those people in Waipio never thinking of anything going be happen, they can make good. They never know that cars can go down. I think, if they only know that car could go down, maybe they ask for something big, eh. But they never know. They were thinking that they was all. No more nothing, no more car, no nothing go down. BB:026 No, no. I never know even your name. My sister was telling me [name deleted] or something. FD:267 Yeah. And I told my mom, “The baby is out.” My mom said, “No. That’s one more thing. Just like the baby big.” And I never know was the baby big. That thing is big too. Really, that thing is big too, afterbirth, you know. You should know. Big but you don’t see when even when you get your baby in the hospital. That thing is big after the birth. FD:274 Well, after that, my second family, I think, only my oldest son, I used to boil that you know the leaves for boiling tea. They have that plant, plenty, you know those leafy thing they use for tea. They have, you know that thing stucks on the clothes. You know that pokey-pokey thing? I never know that thing is a good tea. JB:66 Oh yeah. My family, my father was the manager of the Naalapa team. But I never know how to explain the alapa. Oh, “naalapa” is “the light.” My father was the manager for all of my brothers. We had all the family, all of my brothers. I had one stepbrother now. But he passed away. We were nine of us and the sport that played. My father. YA:1021 Yeah. I was big already, like this, eh? Five years old, I see the small, little Indians running around. They no big, you know. They black, eh? No more clothes, nothing on. And they crawling around just like da kine small baby, like, you know. That’s all I know, see? If they never tell me that, I never know that was one–small baby Indian is menehune, see? ER:871 I stay, one bus came, another bus came. I think about number four bus came. Then he come, he open the door. I look, eh, Uncle Chester. He look me, I make my hand like this. Yeah, and he go shut the door. I make my hand like this. He look again, then he open the door. He make come, so-I go on the bus. On the bus, he wen tell me, “Eh, I never know was you. I look, just like was you but I no sure.” Then bumbai, he broke one ticket, he tell me, “Here, you put inside here.” ER:900 The goat all on top, eh. And me, I never know that. 5.41.5.4 neva SAY The following canonical examples use neva to negate SAY: ER:775 I never tell them where I go. Only I tell my cousin. I tell him, yeah, but they told me go work, he tell, “Ah, no need, they not going find one boy, they no going lose one guy.” 321 ER:882 No, no. They never tell nothing, no, no. They no bother us. But they know the ranch, yeah, just about being supposed pau too, eh. The ranch was kind of pau already, going down, eh. FD:275 So, with my mom and my dad, they do believe because my daddy is a Catholic and my mom is something like Protestant. Just like Roy, and the LDS. All that kind. They do believe that God above is our healer. Because God is every where, if you do believe there’s such thing as God above to help. And then man made, you know, this knowledge to these people that they can heal too. But my mom never say nothing. 5.41.5.5 neva DO The following canonical examples use neva to negate DO: AK:649 But today, you get hard time get seed from all these other farmers, they no give you seeds, you know. Unless they finish with their place, they think they all right. Then they give you. Before, you help yourself. So I said, before is really different than now. Now, maybe even they tell you they sell you, 15 cents one seed. Well, you had to pay. Before, you never do that. You don’t pay anything. Before you get ’em, and nothing. You help, you ask, “You using your seed?” I said, “No.” Because sometime we pull we no use the seed. We break it, just break it and throw it. “Why, you like seed? Yeah, you come. You can get all the seed you like.” Then, he gets the seed. BB:019 That’s when my father folks went to Japan and found out that they no mo’ nothing land. He said never mind, because if the brother never do that, maybe my father stay make the house over there and we stay move over there. And we the kin’ Japan citizen, eh, so maybe we dead. ’A’s why he said, “You folks alive; so, I prefer this way,” he said. GF:331 When I was in Waipio. When I was living down there, I used to raise lot of chickens and lot of ducks. When I first came to Waipio, people were raising chicken, you know. The mother or hen set the eggs, and then just let ’em run loose. Then, when I was in school, I took agriculture in high school, for two years. I learned about the hatchery, chicken raising, poultry. And learned about animal husbandry, little bit. But actually doing it, I never do it. At our own home, where we used to live with my parents before, we had lot of chickens. My job was to gather eggs every day. I was so tired of looking at eggs. GF:325 No, Bishop Museum never did anything. They’re not responsible for anything. 5.41.6 Examples of nat 5.41.6.1 nat GOOD There are a few examples of predicative GOOD being negated through nat: AK:644 Oh, about a gallon. All depend. You could get more, you know. But if you keep too much milk without refrigeration, that’s not good, oh. So we only take just right. AK:663 Clay. That’s clay, eh that, that regular crock. That’s the best place to put pod. Like some, they put in a wooden barrel. But you use that, we got to clean the barrel, wash the barrel, all that. The barrel, you no can use right away because you got to soak it in water, and all that. That’s why, the air is not good, inside over there. That’s why the crock is the best one. MT:1177 And I just talked to Jeri Ooka, Wednesday. He’s from the Experiment Station in Kauai. He was with me almost three-quarters of the day on Wednesday, because, you know, taro disease and stuff. And he was talking about the machine in Kauai again. Got to modify ’em again, it’s not good. If the thing comes out, well, the farmers might be lucky, if the mechanical harvester comes through. But actually, according to the today figures, it can harvest 100 bags an hour. But not the way we see. 5.41.6.2 nat BAD There are several canonical examples of predicative BAD being negated through nat: 322 AK:595 Shrimp, that gori, oopu and all those things. Of course, that’s good, they fry but sometime the family wants to eat those things raw, eh? And I cannot. I taste but, not bad. After I try, all right, it was good. AK:602 Sing on the way? Oh yeah, we sing along the way, talk story, sometime we sleep on the animal. Slow, eh, you go on there, you sleep. That’s why, when you get in the forest, you have to watch the animals. The animals going eat grass, sometime you miss some animals. Sometimes we miss, we had to go back and look for it. Most time, not bad. Before we get out, it has a gate there, all the animals going stay right at the gate. So you count ’em; if we took 14 or 16 animals, all the 16 there, well okay. But if one missing, you have to go look for it. AK:603 Something like Chinese food. Most time Chinese food. They have all kind food. Everybody eat the same food. Only Sunday, sometime, we get little bit more different food than the old Chinese. But not bad. AK:605 No, just about the same. They are not bad, about the same. AK:651 Not bad. Because, might be little too hard for them to work. More easy to clean. That’s true too. You put poison, easier. I had to go sickle. AK:668 Everytime I ask her if she was suffering, she say, “No. not bad.” But everytime I see that she not seem to be good. So I told my wife, “We better take her to doctor.” And so, just to bring her up to the doctor I had to go find my horses. And the day for those kinds, you got to go far, and find the horse. Get the horse. Then bring ’em up, get a car. NK:957 Yeah, sublease. Maybe if I lease 20 years from Bishop, I can lease 15 years to the other people, eh? Then, when pau them, and then come back, that’s mine. Till pau and I lease over again. That’s how, those days before, they can do that, you know. That’s why, Hawaiians was lucky, not bad. Ma uka taro patch, we pay only four dollars an acre. TA:56 And I wen check my girls with the watch. How much time they can pack in one bag, a 30- pound bag. All open like this. Take them over hour and a half. When I send to Kulana, like that, I put about 40, 45 pound, eh. I shove ’em down. Kulana used to take 200 pounds every week, see? Just press the leaf down like that. I put about 40, 45 pound in. Like them, not bad, see. I can do that because they going to use the leaf. Like Seiko them, I cannot press ’em down because they have to sell the leaf. That’s mostly Kona market and stores like that. WK:722 Two dollars a bag for digging. That’s not bad. YA:1051 Not bad, eh? That’s all. 5.41.6.3 nat KIND There are a few canonical examples of nat negating predicative KIND: EB:1145 No, no, no, no. Nobody watch me. So long my boss, he say, “Go do this,” I go do it. Not da kine people, they watch your ass every time, no. When my boss wen go Honolulu, I take care everything. Only myself in the house and only myself in the ranch. He told me, “I will go Honolulu with my wife. So, you take care everything.” See? That’s how it goes. ER:830 Ah, only Vredenburg time, then they wen go borrow the guys. But Munro time, no. Only he ’nough, all his guys. He never borrow man from the city. Only Vredenburg time. Even sometime he go borrow boys for go fix fence, ’cause that time he came, he like all around. All around the pineapple, he like da kine net wire, net wire fence. Not this kind fence. FD:244 Well, the poi shop they had was just a plain building. Not the kind fancy kind. Just like the one Araki get down there. You know down there. It’s bigger. But that thing go with that big wheel. FD:253 When they make parties, they always call on me to bake cake. And I make my own recipe, you know. I used to mix ’em with my own hand. Not the kind you buy, the cake mix. I used to have the Gold Medal flour and that’s the kind I use. And didn’t have to buy eggs or what. My mom used to make our own butter too. She makes our own butter and to make it yellow she use the egg yolk. After she has 323 all in a big bowl, like that. And then the egg yolk she mix ’em like that and come yellow. I never know, she does that. My mom. Too good, eh? FD:263 I guess she didn’t tell me those things because I didn’t have nobody with us. Until I left them and I come home, that’s when I got to meet this man. To tell you the truth. We had friends but not the kind go and sleep together. You know what I mean? That’s why she didn’t have to tell me those things. Because I’m always with them. We were happy. I tell you the truth, I was happy with them. Honest. Honest. Tell you the truth. I was happier with them than when I got married. I felt so sorry I got married. NC:178 Fourteen to 15 inches, I think, and the other one is about 19 to 20 inches wide space, but nowadays, we space ’em all about the same, about 17, 18 inches. Some poor patches, not rich kind land, maybe make it more narrow. SU:1569 Oh, what–still today, lot of pilikia, eh? I don’t see why they cannot do it. You know, don’t have to be fancy kind of a parking stall. Just put ’em on. Don’t have to be on the side. WK:697 They have beds, yeah. They make their own beds. This kind here. No, no, not this kind. Those days, they make their own beds. Da kine wooden beds. YA:1066 Yeah, they do that. They make salt pond, see. Flat pond, just like. Not deep kind, you know. A regular bedlike, bed. And make bank on the edge. All around the edge, And then, about this high, see? Then they fill up that pond over there with water. Let the sun strike ’em. Bumbai, all the water dry up, eh? Down below is salt. And then, they scrape. When they scrape that salt, they scrape the top, you know. The top one is the clean one. The bottom one, they scrape ’em, they put in the back. They go make ice cream. That’s how they use ’em. 5.41.6.4 IS nat ABOVE There is one possible negation example involving ABOVE: MT:1188 Jeri Ooka’s going back to Kauai, he’s going to try to see what can be done. So it has to be something in the water, because everybody has it, has the rot problem. I’m at the top of the valley, way in the top, I get the State land. Nobody is above me. I have the rot. How come? And right below me is Roy Toko, George Farm, everybody gets it. I think is something to do in the water, I don’t know. In this case, ABOVE is negated by negating the subject. 5.41.6.5 nat LIKE There are a few canonical examples of predicative LIKE negated with a nat: AK:642 I think, the people down there, I know before is not like today. Today is very different. In those days, before, everybody they get together. It seems to get together before. They don’t snob you, at anytime. Even if you go up there, they always invite you, call you, come in. We were very kind, you know. People were very kind. Today, you do your own, I do my own. Everybody start to thinking of their own self now. FD:262 Well, he was working for that Akioka. They were working all over there. But you don’t go together with them. You know what I mean? Like today, eh? The life of today is not like before. When I went to Hilo, if I wanted I would have got friends in there. So much in Hilo. But no, I came back to my mom.

5.41.7 Examples of nating