Examples of tink THINK .1 Primitive Syntax

75 106 ai tink tu maiseof QUOTE  a. I thought something b. I said QUOTE to myself

5.10.3 Examples of tink

5.10.3.1 tink Clause As expected, tink occurs with sentential complements: AK:669 Well, maybe the future is going to be different. But I think it’s going to be good, still good. Even now, they like leave Waipio how it is, but it will be all right. ER:758 I think they make five or six, eh. Maybe half a dozen, then they sell. I don’t know how much like that. I don’t know if ten cents or fifteen cents one bundle. GF:344 Then he told me one time, “Gee, you get good lehua. Some nice lehua.” “I don’t know. I never harvested the taro. The lehua good?” “Oh, good taro. You should raise plenty more like that.” “How much more you give me, for one bag? I like you talk price with me, now. If you think my lehua is good.” “Well, I give you 2, 3 more on one bag.” “Oh, that’s plenty money. But what I going do with that extra money? Poho if I let you have it. You going make big profit.” JL:9 I don’t know if my sista stay home. I tink she still home yet. She gotta– I lend her but she never return, huh. I neva know dis ting would be happen like dis. MM:341 Yeah, my family. That’s why, we get firewood, we get kerosene. I think we had two can kerosene. Two can, what I mean is two five-gallon can. MY:1464 Those days, I don’t think they had names. They just call ’em, telephone number, that’s all. They just call. Because they know already. NC:120 Shees, the pay is real small. I think it’s 1.00 a day or something like that. Of course, they give you three meals. Harvesting time, four meals a day. Harvesting is hard work. You start in the morning. Half an hour after that you get soaked wet. All the clothes wet. And that clothes won’t dry until after work because I don’t think they get one hours time, including lunch. After they eat the lunch and everything, they have to go work already. About an hours time. Sometime rush time, only half an hour and they have to work already. OC:10 I think I was looking for something the other day. Let’s see, where’s that thing. We have a letter here. The Hawaiian Trust is very, very nice to me, 1959 when business was very bad and here’s what my son wrote to the Hawaiian Trust to do a favor. SU:1521 Then finally, he teach me how to sharp the saw and everything. I catch on right away. Then I sharp my own saw. The new saw that I bought, I sharp that. But doesn’t go straight because don’t know how to use the file, see. So I asked him, “How come?” He tell me, “How much did you file?” “So and so, so and so.” “No, you should count. Every time when you go on the teeth, four times, you got to go four, four. Every one, four. And then turn around, you go four, four, four. Then you get. Then after you sharp, you get the needle and put the needle. If the needle slice right away, it’s okay.” That was that. Then before that, I think I spoiled couple of my saws, you know, at the plantation. TA:42 Yeah, that’s what I was telling you. Because he took a stand for the farmers instead of for the poi shop. That’s how the poi shop got angry with him. Especially the Honolulu Poi get angry with him. And then Honolulu Poi, they done something that he couldn’t take it. I think I better not put that in the tapes. You see, bumbai, those Honolulu Poi or some other of those poi shops in Honolulu might go over there and read that and say, “Oh, what the heck this guy saying?” WK:702 Most of the time. I hardly eat rice, only most poi. Yeah. That’s why I couldn’t forget my poi. Look, this afternoon I go down the store, take two bags of poi and go home. I mix ’em eat. I think you saw me buying the poi, eh? 76 YA:1057 Yeah, yeah. Then I sell the other one to that old man, the painter. He asked me, “You like sell this lot to me, I build one house for my boy. My boy going get married.” At that time, he was only about sixteen, seventeen years old. I was so kind, you know. I said, “All right. I sell ’em to you.” I sell ’em to him with the net price was only 750. I buy ’em 500, I get one house. I sell the other one for 750, I think I making little bit money already. So, if I never sell ’em to him, I build one house for rent, oh, more good, you know. The housing in front of my eye all the time. But no, I sell ’em to him. When I sell ’em to him, what he do? He put two houses in the lot for rent. He catch me. All kind tricks, anyway. People are like that. No can help, eh? 5 5 There are a couple of very interesting examples of an addressee frame for tink in HCE: BO:336 So ai tink tu maiself, wai da hell da bugga no cam in? ‘So I thought to myself, why the hell hasn’t that bugger come in?’ ER:873 I come home, pau hana, I don’t know where I going, I lost. I don’t know where I going. All the guys going on the truck, but where I going? So one guy he tell me, “You know where you live?” I tell, “Yeah, Kalihi someplace, but I don’t know how I going.” Gee, the boy, he look me, he tell me, “See, this bus, they no going Kalihi, you know.” He going, I don’t know, certain place by the yard or someplace. So he tell me, “Gee, I like help you, but I no can, I don’t know how.” Ah, I think to myself, more better I stay on top the boat. Maybe if I stay on the boat, that’s the only safe place for me. So I stay over there on the boat. I no go. And when we was working under, I go under there. I go under there, I work. Bumbai, he get the foreman, eh. He get the foreman for that gang. He ask me, “How come you stay over here? I never bring you.” I tell him, “No, I was over here from the daytime, but I new man inside here. I don’t know how to go home.” He tell me, “Where you stay?” “I only know I stay Kalihi, but what place, I don’t know. But I know Kalihi.” MM:330 It’s kinda ditch-like because every reservoir, they have to get some inlet that water come in. And some places kinda deep. So this boy wen slide. You know, slippery, see. The reservoir all mud, eh? Slippery. He wen slide inside there. And he go like this, like this, like this, yeah ? And then, I don’t know, I scared, too, because I might slide in there, too. So I don’t know what to do. Ah, then, quick, I wen think to myself, “Ey, that ditchman must be home now.” Was around lunchtime, see. So I run to that house. And good thing, he was home. And I told him, and we ran, come back. Well, the ditch wasn’t so deep. But the man pulled the boy out. And he kinda lift up the leg, and then shake ’em. The boy wen throw plenty water out. But good thing, was soon enough. And he was all right. Never need to bring hospital or anything. MM:348 Sit down, and you coach ’em, coach ’em, eh? Then he start to stand up and start to walk. You can see ’em already, knock out, you know. He just go slow walk, eh? I think to myself, “This is no good already. More better we go home.” MY:1480 I got to go da kine small kind. And there was a store in Kapahulu, right out here, Lum’s Store, Chinese store. Lum’s Store. I go by there. I ask the owner, Mr. Lum, “Can I put some of my cracker?” He said, “No can. Because I get Love’s Bakery and I get Diamond Bakery. And that’s too much.” I think to myself, “I get you. I sell my cracker.” So, I get lot of friends in Kapahulu, see. I go all to them “When you guys go to the store, you tell the lady you like Home Run cracker.” You know, Japanese people, they go Chinese store, buy, see. Chinese people, they no go Japanese store, buy. But Japanese people, they go to Chinese store, buy. So, they go in. “Mr. Lum, we like Home Run cracker. We like try because I heard that very good,” they tell him. “Nah, nah, nah, nah.” “Okay. We no buy cracker, then. We no like cracker. We like buy Home Run cracker.” They all go inside. So, this guy–Davies and Company–there was one Chinese guy that sells Ibaraki, all the stores that, wholesale, he sells. Davies Dry Goods, he sell. He asked me one day, “’Mahjong,’ how did you get into that Chinese store? Chee, boy, I see your cracker inside there already.” I say, “Yeah. Technique.” He tell me, “Why?” “I use my technique. I got ’em in.” He said, “But how did you do it?” “I tell my customers, they like Home Run cracker. That’s why, they get.” So, he told me, “Boy, you smart. You smart how to get on.” I said, “Well, that’s the only way. That’s the only way.” Unsurprisingly, tink tu only occurs with maiseof as its addressee. The unproductivity of this pattern leads us to suspect that this construction should be treated differently from the normal tink. In fact, I would like to suggest that tink tu must be treated as a allolex of SAY TO when there is a reflexive pronoun as an addressee. First of all, I can find no semantic difference between ai tink tu maiseof X and I SAY X to MYSELF. As mentioned in W’s earlier work W 1972:17-18, one of the defining characteristics of the primitive SAY is that it does not require vocalization, in fact saying something to oneself was given as such an example. Secondly, tink to maiseof may take a quoted complement. This is in fact a defining quality for the NSM primitive SAY, but not of the NSM primitive THINK. 77 5.10.3.2 tink SOMETHING We also have a few canonical examples of this frame: ER:777 Well, I don’t know. That time, I no think nothing. I only think for go work. I only think work. And when I come over here work, I only start with eighty cents a day. For eight hour, you know, only eighty cents. FD:289 Yeah. That’s the one on the patch’s bank now. he was the first to go in. But I told him, “I seen that already, but I didn’t want to tell your uncle. I told him when the leaves is yellow, is showing that some kind of disease is attacking the taro.” But he doesn’t believe. He just go pull the grass, and then just no think nothing. I say, “Well, I have to pray harder.” For put something in his head to think, “Oh, I think my wife is telling me something different so I better try.” He doesn’t want anybody to tell him what to do. FD:296 If you do things by your own self, you know the value of things, that is going to help you too. There’s so much things, that when you-raise taro, there’s so much things that you can think that, that taro would help you. I know for myself. Like, if you have some bills to pay. You have not enough like now, we get our income. Everything is so high. Like us, our foodstuff is very expensive to have, everything when you buy. Is not enough. So we have taro like that; we can put away something, some of our savings and some we can spend for our own use. Taro is important to me. MT:1196 I don’t think nothing. Just let it stand as is. Let it stand with whatever it has right now. Development, no. Taro farming, yes. Anything beside that, I say, “No.” Keep everything historical. I assume that nating is an allolex of SOMETHING. 5.10.3.3 tink THIS The following examples are near-canonical sentences of this valence, assuming that daet is decomposable into the NSM configuration THIS OTHER. ER:788 You gotta kill ’em. If not, he going lose weight already. If two year old, and you can get that weight, about there, about 500 to 600 pounds, between there, you can get the meat, you gain, making profit. See, every time, you gotta think that. So every time the chief cowboy, he call me. “You come. Okay, over here you look, you pick up.” So I start pick up. And afterward, all ten inside, then he go look. Sometime they take about five, half and half. He tell me, this one little bit long. No ’nough feeling. Some, the steer is all right, but they no ’nough grassy, no ’nough full. Smart, the old man, Kauila. NC:154 No, no. That temple, my father was the one started that. It used to be one way the outside. So that one all broke down and everything. So nobody think that, my father said, “Ah, let me start.” So he get the people together to make one book for donations, eh. Everybody dig up so much, put down. I think all our brothers get our name in there too because each of us give so much, eh. 5.10.3.4 tink ABOUT SOMETHING We have a substantial number of examples of the valency THINK ABOUT SOMETHING. There is a single canonical example of tink abaut: MT:1196 Well, not right now at present. If things get bad, well, I might. Might. Where I might go, where I will go, I really do not know. Well, my age is creeping up, that’s the thing I’m worried about. When you get at 50, nobody wants to hire a old person already, see. That’s the thing I’m kind of worried thinking about. As I say, I’m a tractor operator, truck operator, I’m a mechanic, I’m a welder, I do all around, so I think I can get a job someplace, if I have to.... I hope. The following frames are a very simple near-canonical frames: ER:754 No, I never think about that. I only think about work. I gotta take care two brothers. I never think about school. 78 YA:1067 I don’t know. But I never thought of how many get die or no die. I no think about that, see? Somebody get killed, but, you know, we no pay no attention. That’s small stuff. We only care for ourself. In case our house no push away, we lucky, that’s all. Over here, you know, across the street where that house over there standing now? Get one pond like, and they raise cattle. Raise cow and horses. The pond full. The water overflowed, see? Come way over on my place, but the water only can come over here. No can go no more. Come back over here, it go back the other way, eh? It go back to the Dillingham, see? Of course, this side high; this side high. The water no can go this way, see? In the back no can go. They come over here, they fill up over here just like one pond, eh? That’s all we can do. The following are more complex near-canonical examples: ER:765 Yeah, heavy, heavy, you go down. And sometime us kids, we go ride boat, they make us jump inside the water. And when you jump in the water, you scared, you think about the shark, you jump inside the water you hold the stick. Ho, every time you look down, you like climb up. ER:766 I know when I go down, I scared bumbai I no like go. Every time when he get good luck, plenty, plenty fish and the boat too heavy, he make you jump all inside the water. He tell you jump inside the water, you hold the boat. Ho, you think about shark, boy. And you know me, I scared like that. ER:822 I stay with my uncle. So I no miss them when I came over here. I no think about home. I never think about home when I go. I only think where I’m going live, where I going try help my uncle. That’s only what I think, for help him. FD:264 My ex-husband, he made some kind story that I went with this Filipino man, that’s how I got my last daughter. Then when she was born and compare with the family I had with him, he went back and he told my family for get me back. I wouldn’t go back after I was all, you know. After dirty part of my life was already told to everybody and for me to go back, I wouldn’t like. That’s how I had her over here. And she loves this father more than her own. When I think about those days I cry, you know. Even until today. Nobody, I think, would ever have my life when I left my parents. I was happy, I had everything. I didn’t have to worry. I never go out begging. Some of my family, oh they had hard time. Didn’t have things to eat, they was starving, and all that kind. I said, “No, I happy.” I had everything. MM:370 Yeah. They make it solid, too, because they no want that thing replace all the time, eh? And then, even on the trucking, was the same way. Even when we went trucking, was the same way. They got to pile it on a sling and load ’em up. And then, later on, somebody wen start to think about that push rake. The machine come and push the cane, pile ’em up, eh, in one long line. And then they had the crane. They had the grabber, yo. MT:1188 That’s my theory. That’s what I’m thinking about. So I want to get something going on it, but Jeri told me he’ll contact me later. See, what I wanted to do was, I had a guy from Brewer came out, from Brewer Chemical Company. And I wanted to put blue copper stone, I don’t know if you folks kind of familiar of it, that’s to purify the water. NK:945 Yeah. Took care of my father. So, that’s why, he had the land, so when he die, he said that’s his land. So, when he died, my father was–I don’t know how old he was–but he never.... He know, he heard the tutu tell he own the land. But he don’t know. After that, he came big boy and he never think about land. So, Kalokuokamahele... SU:1529 Yeah. My father was mule gang, but different gang, that. He used to pull the small mule, you know. They call it “pack mule.” Load up the fertilizer, lumber, everything, and then one, he rides and go around, all around the places. So, all the work is done by the mules that he pull, eh? So he just ride and go. That’s why he get chance to go, after the work, his own place. And then, clean up the place, hole hole the place, hoe the grass, and everything, see. Otherwise, cannot. But you got to give him credit, though, because he really work hard, tsk. But it’s too late for me to go ahead and think about it now. WK:707 Just because he get angry with the next guy. The first thing, they think about the knife, eh? They not more of the, you know, friendly type, eh? YA:1057 No. That’s the only place we think about. My wife like move Kalihi, quiet place. Nobody live around. You know, lonely place, see? 79 5.10.3.5 tink OF SOMETHING For purposes of thoroughness, we should consider the possibility that the HCE form tink ov is an alternative realization of the NSM frame THINK ABOUT There are two canonical examples of tink av taking a primitive as its complement: MT:1188 So it has to be something in the water, because everybody has it, has the rot problem. I’m at the top of the valley, way in the top, I get the State land. Nobody is above me. I have the rot. How come? And right below me is Roy Toko, George Farm, everybody gets it. I think is something to do in the water, I don’t know. That’s only the last thing I can think of. It’s not the land; well, certain areas, maybe the land. But like my land is not that, you know, hasn’t been in production for so long. In the second example, we must assume that eniting is an allolex of SOMETHING in the context of negation: AK:645 Oh, yeah. They said when they get elected, they can help us in all those ways. Before, nobody plan to make a big thing like now. Like before, those people in Waipio never thinking of anything going be happen, they can make good. They never know that cars can go down. I think, if they only know that car could go down, maybe they ask for something big, eh. But they never know. They were thinking that they was all. No more nothing, no more car, no nothing go down. There are numerous examples of this valence which occur in near-canonical frames: FD:278 Duldulao, Romualdo; supposed to be M-U-A-L-D-0. But I usually pronounce Romaldo, A-L- D-0, sounds like that. But supposed to be U-A-L-D-0. But the Filipinos, they know how to pronounce. So, Duldulao. So, when I stayed with him, when I was lucky. Not like my first husband, Fannie’s daddy. We had hard life, though, down Waipio. But good thing my parents, I didn’t have to worry. They have everything I can think of. I didn’t have to move out from there, but I thought he forced me to go home and stay with his stepmother. That wasn’t his real mother. When we got married and I moved in with him. You must know where that Yubon’s place. FD:284 Well, those days we had no choice because the rice was cheap, the taro was cheap, everything was cheap. And we get everything we can think of. The taro was like that too. That’s why rice, we didn’t have to buy. We used to work for the Chinese, who used to have rice field. Chun folks, they used to have. We used to go work for them. Those days, you know, Waipio was, we never care for food at that time. FD:286 But for make poi, my mom, I don’t even remember that they ever made poi with that. We had so much of everything I can think of. The life we had before, I tell you, you cannot compare with today. Food, so much. We raise our own chicken, and then ducks, and pigs, and everything you can think of. Raise everything. We had our own eggs. Chicken, we want to kill, every week, almost every other day if we want to. Especially when we get family come. Oh, just call the chicken, and all the chicken come and we just grab ’em. Yeah, that’s true. You try ask Olepau. He know that. Everybody know. We have everything you can think of. FD:297 I have time to do my work. After school, when the older ones come back, I just leave the younger one with them, there goes the taro patch. That’s why I tell Deb, I do that. And today, I’m thankful that God had give us this strength and provide us with everything that I can think of. I’m thankful. We don’t go begging to anybody. “Oh, we get hard time, we need this.” I don’t. FD:297 So I told Papa, “Well, I don’t know them.” And they were resting right, you know the first sign way up, before you come down. They were over there, and they were facing out towards the ocean. Well, that’s what my feelings are of Waipio. And then it’s a valley of aloha and then full of love. And when I was born and raised there, I had everything that I can think of without spending money. Everything was really from the land, what we raised. The valley. Like taro and everything. MT:1187 Yes, and I did away with it. I did Captan, still get the rot. I leave the seed one week idle on the bank, I still get the rot. I still select my seed, I still get the rot. What you going to think of? That’s why I don’t get no hair on my head. I’m going crazy. It’s a problem. That’s why lot of these farmers are really disgusted or what. I’m disgusted, too There are a number of near-canonical examples: 80 FD:287 So I tells them like this. Something must have been wrong, maybe I neglect God, maybe I owe Him. But in my way of thinking, I don’t. Whatever I had I used to keep, and keep, and I’m good and ready, I hand over to Roy. That’s just like my gift, there’s a time that you have to give. What I do with my hands, with the strength of my God, what it says, I think of God. Well, if I fall on the wayside, the only thing I got to do, ask God, “What is this?” Everybody is suffering. You know, there’s a saying in the Bible says, “Everybody suffer.” FD:296 Nowdays, people don’t think of Waipio. Some, they have children, is over here just moving around, that not doing nothing. They don’t urge the kids to go down Waipio. But if me, I still have in Kukuihaele, I would recommend them to go back Waipio. But I still have my oldest son over here. He wants to, but sometime it takes on the wife too. But I always tell my daughter-in-law. I always force her. You know, weekend, there’s two days, Saturday, Sunday. Well, if you go to church, well, you go half a day. GF:337 No, they don’t have. Those that are single, they stayed single. And then, I don’t think they care very much for ladies. They think of good times. NK:954 Yeah. Only for the family for eat. And they never think of selling. But when the Japanese people came in, well, they find out. Well, they go out, they contact to other people where they can sell. Hawaiians, where they going contact? They don’t know nobody in the Mainland, nobody in Japan. Like Japanese, they come Hawaii, they can write to their family. See? What they making here and all that. And then, contact, they send. SU:1572 I think people should take care more tourists, though, I think. They should take care. I think Honolulu can improve some more other places where tourists can go, though. Like Hanauma Bay, and Blowhole, and where is the place down there they get dancing? Way up down the countryside? La‘ie. And Nu‘uanu Pali. I think they can improve the places, though. Where else can you think of it? 5.10.3.6 tink SOMETHING ABOUT SOMETHING So far, there is only a single possible canonical examples of the valence THINK SOMETHING ABOUT SOMEONESOMETHING. I assume here that nating can be considered an allolex of SOMETHING in the context of negation. ER:824 You gotta watch out the mynah bird, plenty spook stuff around there. You know when I go down there, plenty mynah bird yelling, yelling, eh, but I no think nothing about. I figure, well, all the bird all maybe making noise themselves, eh. So I just pass. But when I pass da kine place, I no walk. I dig, so I reach the other side quick. I give ’em the gas.

5.10.4 Summary