243
5.31 AFTER 5.31.1 Primitive Syntax
AFTER occurs in the following syntactic configuration: AFTER d1 TIMETHIS
W 1996:133 suggests CLAUSE1 AFTER CLAUSE2 could also be a universal frame. One can wonder, however, whether one can decompose this valence in the same way as interclausal WHEN:
CLAUSE1 AFTER THIS, CLAUSE2
I will therefore consider such examples to be near-canonical examples of the valence AFTER THIS.
5.31.2 HCE Candidates
For the primitive AFTER, there are at least three possibilities to consider in HCE: bambai, aefta, aeftawads.
Bambai is a basilectal form in vigorous usage. I will argue that it is in fact, not primitive. There are some contexts in which bambai does indeed seem to be compatible with the primitive
AFTER: EB:1138 Yeah, yeah, yeah, I went. I went, yeah, I went. So, I went to the field, hanawai. They said
“hanawai”–water the sugarcane. Okay. But bumbai, I water the plant, but the field boss–the Japanese– he show me any kind, talk any kind, I don’t know how, eh? He don’t know how to talk English, too, just
like me. Only kapakahi. And I don’t know kapakahi English, too, before. He said, “God damn you. ” I told him, “What’s the matter with you? You scold me for nothing. I don’t know what you talking.”
ER:768 We take home, then my mother clean. But sometime us go clean, too, inside the sea, eh. Just let ’em float, eh, like that so all the sand go down, eh. And then you just grab the limu, you just go
there, you throw ’em down a little bit then you make like that. All the sand go away, eh. And you put ’em in the bucket. Then bumbai she go home, then she go make again to find if get little bit rock,
sometimes stay stuck on top the end.
ER:788 Yeah. He teach young boys, too. He teach, and he good. He no mad, this man. No matter what you do to him, he no mad. Hard old man for get mad. You get mad with him, you can grumble
grumble, no, he no say nothing. Bumbai he tell you, “Why you come mad like that. No good. You gotta be good to all the people. No come mad.”
ER:855 Every time I like go Keomuku, I go ask him one car, he lend me. He lend me car go Keomuku, Sunday come home. Then every time I go ask car. Every weekend he see me, “What, going
Keomuku?” “Yeah. I like borrow car.” “Yeah, okay.” And least he lend me car, though. Every time I go, Saturday, go down and use the truck. Get one small truck and one Ford car. Until bumbai I buy my own
jeep, then pau, I no borrow car, I go with the jeep.
NC:145 They brag if they cut half a day, eh. That’s four hours. They got five mamaka they call it. Two bundles is one mamaka, eh. They say, “Oh, I cut five mamaka today only four hours.” I tell, “What
this. Well, I could try.” I went up to seven. Bumbai one time I say, “Hey, I go search first what banks get good grass, everything. I could make a record.” One time go up to 14. Fourteen. That’s 28 bundles. Then
they used to tell my brother, Ah Kong, he beat me out; he get one more than me. That’s when I went up to the Mainland, eh. Then he say, “Hey, I break your record. I get one mamaka more than you.” I came
back. I tried to make it. I cannot. We not in trim, eh. Cannot.
244 Nevertheless, bambai has a very strong causal component:
ER:751 And they bring ’em down slaughterhouse. Every time I used to go follow them, eh. Sometime pau school, then they go up, I go, too, I ride. But sometime come dark, I scared because
bumbai I get lost, eh. But every time he tell me if I no can find them, go by the track. Stay by the track, so they can find me on the track, eh.
ER:766 I know when I go down, I scared bumbai I no like go. Every time when he get good luck,
plenty, plenty fish and the boat too heavy, he make you jump all inside the water. He tell you jump inside the water, you hold the boat. Ho, you think about shark, boy. And you know me, I scared like
that. ER:868 Yeah, they pulled me and Alex. From me and him work ranch, eh. They pull us go down
there. The boss tell us gotta go down there work. They give us horse and they give us one truck. Sometime we no go on the truck, we ride horse. Ride horse more better go slow, eh, easy eh. Right by
the beach. But only trouble, us guys we no scared car, we no scared nothing. Any kind no scared. But we scared da kine alive man. Bumbai they get gun, they shoot us, what?
NC:170 In week he was well already, strong. He said, “I can go home?” He said, “Oh, no. You
cannot go home. You gotta stay, or bumbai you get relapse, get worse. Relapse, you will die. I cannot cure you any more.” And that’s true, too, but I think main thing is that he wanted to make a little bit
more money. That’s the main thing. Then he said, “Okay, I’ll stay.” So he stayed and when he said, “Okay, now you can go home.” That was one week again.
YA:1031 The Chinese say, “Oh, I eat that, bumbai my eye blind.” So, next time he come ask for us,
“You get any more da kine shrimp for sell?” “No, no more, no more.” We no sell ’em, see? We dry ’em up. We dry ’em up, bumbai we put ’em inside another basket, you know. And when it comes very dry,
the shell already crispy already, see? Put ’em inside another basket. We use one da kine guava stick, about my hand size. Rock ’em. You know? You rock ’em up, and then you.... Those days, no more fan.
No more electric fan, any kind. So we put one big tray underneath here, and you put the strainer on top, see? Then you bring the shrimps. Wait till the strong wind come. You pour ’em down like that. The
shrimps fall down, and the shell fly away, see? That’s how they make shrimps.
I would like to propose that all instances of bambai can be accounted for rather straight-forwardly through the simple NSM formula:
119 after some time, because of this The component after some time would help to account for the observation that one never uses bambai
in a punctual context: 120 hi go jamp aen bambai hi faw dawn.
‘He jumped and he fell down’ Therefore, bambai must be eliminated from our list of potential HCE candidates for AFTER.
5.31.3 Examples of aefta
