Qualities: BIG, SMALL Intensifier: VERY Temporal: TIMEWHEN, AFTER, and BEFORE
6.8 Qualities: BIG, SMALL
Our survey found examples in our corpus for the following NSM syntactic frames: BIG PERSON BIG PEOPLE BIG THING BIG PLACE BIG PART I AM BIG SOMEONE IS BIG SOMETHING IS BIG The following NSM syntactic frames were not found during our survey: YOU ARE BIG PEOPLE ARE BIG THIS IS BIG I regard the omission of YOU ARE BIG as accidental since BIG is also relatively rare in our corpus. The valence PEOPLE ARE BIG is also an accidental omission, but in this case it is more difficult to verify this with an example sentence. Nevertheless, the following sentence seems to be an acceptable context for this: 148 bifo taim pipo waz smao, naudeiz dei big ‘Long ago, people were small, now they are big’ The valence THIS IS BIG is unnecessary, I believe. One can access the same sort of meaning through the configuration THIS THING IS BIG which is a subtype of the SOMETHING IS BIG valence. This study found examples for the following NSM primitive combinations: 343 SMALL PERSON SMALL THING SMALL PLACE SMALL PART I AM SMALL YOU ARE SMALL SOMEONE IS SMALL SOMETHING IS SMALL The following combinations were not found in our corpus: SMALL PEOPLE PEOPLE ARE SMALL THIS IS SMALL Using the same arguments as above, I conclude that SMALL PEOPLE and PEOPLE ARE SMALL are accidental gaps in the data and that the valence THIS IS SMALL is not needed.6.9 Intensifier: VERY
We have found in our corpus examples of the following valences for VERY: VERY GOOD VERY BAD VERY BIG VERY SMALL VERY MANY There are no missing valences.6.10 Temporal: TIMEWHEN, AFTER, and BEFORE
We have found evidence for the possible NSM syntactic configurations for the primitive TIMEWHEN: AT X TIME, SAY-Clause AT X TIME, DO-Clause AT X TIME, HAPPEN-Clause AT X TIME, THINK-Clause AT X TIME, WANT-Clause AT X TIME, FEEL-Clause AT X TIME, KNOW-Clause There are no missing configurations. 344 This study found examples of all of the possible syntactic valences of AFTER: AFTER X TIME AFTER THIS There are no missing valences. We have found all of the possible valences for BEFORE in our corpus data: BEFORE X TIME BEFORE THIS There are no missing valences. The temporal domain has proven especially unproblematic.6.11 Locative: PLACEWHERE, UNDER, ABOVE
Parts
» e Book 61 Stanwood Adequacy Hawaii Creole English
» Concerning the present study Contents of chapters The hypothesis
» The NSM specification Introduction
» Falsification of hypothesis Validity of results
» Naturalness NSM as an approach to semantic analysis
» Substitutability NSM as an approach to semantic analysis
» How substitution works for articles
» Substituting one level at a time
» Directionality An overview of Natural Semantic Metalanguage
» The search for semantic primitives
» About the forms of primitives
» Cross-linguistic equivalence An overview of Natural Semantic Metalanguage
» The NSM specification An overview of Natural Semantic Metalanguage
» Specific concerns about the current NSM proposal
» Conclusion X feels like this
» History Hawai‛i Creole English
» Language attitudes Hawai‛i Creole English
» HCE and cognition Hawai‛i Creole English
» Standard English and cognitive development Linguists on the equality of languages
» Pattern of variation What to study
» The primitives Importance of primitives History and status of primitives
» Organization of following sections
» HCE candidates Examples of aimi
» HCE Candidates Examples of yu
» HCE candidates SOMEONE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of samwan Examples of prsn
» Examples of sambadi SOMEONE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of gai SOMEONE .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of pipo
» HCE candidates Examples of samting
» Examples of ting Examples of wat
» HCE candidates THINK .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of tink THINK .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates KNOW .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of no KNOW .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates SAY .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of sei SAY .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of tel SAY .1 Primitive Syntax
» Primitive Syntax HCE candidates
» Examples of laik WANT .1 Semantics
» Examples of wan WANT .1 Semantics
» HCE candidates FEEL .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of fio FEEL .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of du
» HCE Candidates Examples of dis
» HCE Candidates Examples of seim
» HCE Candidates Examples of ada
» Examples of eos OTHER .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of wan
» HCE Candidates Examples of tu
» HCE Candidates Examples of lats
» Examples of maeni MUCHMANY .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of mach MUCHMANY .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of pleni MUCHMANY .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of aw
» Examples of aweiz ALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of evribadi ALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of evriwan ALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of gud
» HCE Candidates HCE Examples Examples of baed
» HCE Candidates Examples of big
» HCE Candidates SMALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of smaw SMALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of lido SMALL .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of veri
» Examples of rili VERY .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of wen
» Examples of taim WHEN .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of samtaim WHEN .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates AFTER .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of aefta AFTER .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of aeftawad AFTER .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of bifo
» HCE Candidates WHERE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of pleis WHERE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of wea WHERE .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of anda
» Examples of andanit UNDER .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates ABOVE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of abav ABOVE .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates PART .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of pat PART .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates KIND OF .1 Primitive Syntax
» X IS kain OF Y X IS THE SAME kain AS Y
» HCE Candidates LIKE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of laik LIKE .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of jaslaik LIKE .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of bikaz
» Examples of kaz BECAUSE .1 Primitive syntax
» HCE Candidates IF .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of if IF .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Examples Examples of dondi’n
» Examples of no NOT .1 Primitive Syntax
» Examples of neva NOT .1 Primitive Syntax
» HCE Candidates Examples of kaen
» Summary CAN .1 Primitive Syntax
» YOU, I, SOMEONE, and PEOPLE SOMETHING and FEEL
» The other mental predicates: THINK, KNOW, SAY, WANT
» Activities and events: DO and HAPPEN Evaluators: GOOD, BAD
» Qualities: BIG, SMALL Intensifier: VERY Temporal: TIMEWHEN, AFTER, and BEFORE
» Locative: PLACEWHERE, UNDER, ABOVE
» PartonomyTaxonomy: PART OF, KIND OF LIKE
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