D. Significance of the Research
The results of the research are expected to give both theoretical and practical significances. Theoretically, it is expected that the results of this research
could enrich the specific knowledge of the researcher in the translation field, especially in the analysis of culturally bound expression in a translated Indonesian
novel. Practically, it is expected that the results of this research can be useful to the following parties.
1. Students of English Language and Literature Study Program This research hopefully can enrich the knowledge about translation evaluation
especially to those whose major is translation. 2. Other Researchers
The research hopefully can encourage other researchers to conduct similar study. Moreover, this research can become a reference of culturally-bound
expressions and foreignization and domestication analysis for their study. 3. Readers in general
This research hopefully can be beneficial to give them information about translation, especially about culturally-bound expressions, foreignization and
domestication strategies, and degree of meaning equivalence.
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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A. Theoretical Review 1. Translation
a. Definitions of Translation
Catford 1965:20 defines translation as the replacement of textual material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language
TL. This definition implies that translation employs at least two languages, one is as the source language and the other is as the target language. Catford s
definition also emphasizes the equivalence of translating text of the source language into the target language.
Nida and Taber 1982:12 explains that translation consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source language
message, firstly in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style. This definition is in line with the notions expressed by Bell 1991:3. He states that
translation is the expression in another language or target language on what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantics and stylistic
equivalents. Bell 1991:20 also states that translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text
in a second language.
On the other hand, McGuire 1980:2 describes that translation is related to two things, meaning and structure. He then describes that translation involves
the rendering of a source language text into the target language so as to ensure that 1 the surface meaning of the two will be approximately similar and 2 the
structure of the source language will be preserved as closely as possible, but not so closely that the target language structure will be seriously distorted.
Related to the use of translation theory, Newmark 1988:19 stresses that translation theory attempts to give same insight into the relation between thought,
meaning, and language; understand the universal, cultural, and individual aspects of language and behavior, the understanding of cultures; and then the
interpretation of texts that may be classified and supplemented by way of translation.
According to Moentaha 2006:11, translation is a text replacement process from the source language into the text in the target language without
changing the science language s text level. Moentaha also explains that text level has to be understood extensively. It is not only about meaning but also all
information which exists in the source language such as culture and norm. From the definitions stated by some experts above, it can be concluded
that translation is a process which is aimed to find meaning equivalence in the target text by considering not only the meaning but also the style, form, culture,
and norm in both languages.
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