Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
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Biology Page 506
2.23 to 2.83 days, prapupa phase relatively unchanged, pupa around 0, -1.02 97 days sehrngga overall differences in development from larva to imago reach 1.92 to 2.45 days.
Inhibition of this development besides allegedly caused by metabolic imbalances in the body due to disruption of the growth hormone and the possible development also caused by the
allocation of energy to detoxify toxic compounds from the extracts. If the condition of the food in the absence of toxic compounds, the energy from food will be used for growth and
development, but in the presence of toxic compounds in foods, the majority of food energy that should be used for growth and development is allocated to detoxify toxic compounds
extract Sipes dan Gandolfi, 1986.
4.4.2. Effect of Extract to Become a Successful Pupa Imago
B. asiatica
extract treatment at 5 degree of concentration tested against success percentage pupa becomes imago in Annex 6. The data that has been analyzed and tabulated can be seen
in Table 7 below.
Tabel 7. Effect of Seed Extract B. asiatica EtOAc fraction of the percentage of success of Pupa Being Imago
Extract Consentration
, wv The Percentage of succes
a
Sex Ratio ♂ μ ♀
The Number Of Pupae
Pupae to Imago B.asiatica
0,00 75
94,60 a 1 : 1,1
0,15 56
89,40 b 1 : 1,1
0,20 49
86,00 c 1 : 1,2
0,25 33
76,79 d 1 : 1,2
0,30 10
43,25 e 1: 1,2
0,35 -
f
- Information :
a
percentage value followed by the same letter are not significantly different based DMRT α = 0,05,
b
there are no larvae managed to become imago.
The data obtained show that the higher the concentration of seed extract B. asiatica pupae survival, the population is lower that is 0.35 not achieved the pupa stage.
Results DMRT = 0.05, the effect of
B. asiatica
extract showed the same state that all treatments significantly different from the control as well as among the treatments showed
significant differences. The real difference between the concentration in the second. This extract because the inhibitory effect of development still affect the process of metamorphosis.
The results of visual observation mernperlihatkan that some pupae formed from larvae that feed on leaves of
B. asiatica
seed extract treatment showed abnormalities in the morphology shape is not like a normal slightly curved and some of the imago that appears to have wings
that are not normal not growing.
4.4.3. Effect of Extracts of the Sex Ratio and Long Life Imago
Comparison of adult males and females who appear and length of life as a result of the treatment of adult
S. exigua
in Annex 13 and 14. Having analyzed and tabulated to fine the data in Table 8
Comparison of adult males and females arising
B. asiatica
seed extract treatment is generally dominated by female imago. in general it can be said that the number of adult females has
increased with the increasing concentration given for both types of extracts. The change of sex ratio of adult males and females will affect the number of offspring in the next generation.
Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3
Biology Page 507
Jumar 2000 report, the sex ratio changes in insects is influenced by factors other than the intrinsic insects, can also be influenced by extrinsic factors such as food, seasons and
population density.
Table 8. Effect of Seed Extract Fraction EtOAc B.asiatica Against Old Life Imago Spodoptera exigua
Extract Consentration , wv
Long Life ± SB day
a
Imago Male ♂ Imago Female ♀
B. asiatica 0,00
18,40 ± 1,14 a 16,20 ± 0,84 a
0,50 18,00 ± 0,71 b
15,60 ± 1,14 ab 0,55
17,40 ± 1,14 b 15,00 ± 0,71 b
0,60 15,20 ± 0,84 b
14,20 ± 1,10 b 0,65
-
b
-
b
0,70 -
b
-
b
Information :
a
SB = the standard deviation, the average followed by the same letter are not significantly different based DMRT
α = 0,05,
b
there are no living imago
The influence of these two types of extracts turned out to be also shorten the length of life of male and female imago semuataraf concentrations compared with the control. In B. asiatica
extract concentration of 0.15 to 0.30 may slow old male living around 1.44 to 8.46 days and the female imago approximately 0.71 to 3.13 days. In terms of long-life male is relatively
longer than females in both types of extracts diperlakuan, this is in line with that proposed by Tarumingkeng 1992 that sex is one of the factors that determine insect resistance to the
poison that is more resistant males than females.
From the data - the data described above indicate that
B. asiatica
extracts have inhibitory activity growth and development against
S. exigua
that in normal conditions control, the time required to complete the life cycle ranges from 33.88 days while on the condition being
treated with the extract had a life cycle of
S. exigua
reached 35.37 days. Inhibitory activity against the growth and development in both extracts yangterdapat is due to a chemical
compound that plays a role in the breakdown of proteins resulting mengharnbat insects do not get adequate protein intake from food, because the food does not digest protein so it can not
be absorbed by the body. Insect developmental delays may be caused by problems with sarah a type of hormone that plays a role in the growth and development so that indicated by stunted
growth and development of insects Chapman, 1998, in Dono, 2004.
4.4.4. Effect of Extract Against S. exigua Reproduction
