Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3
Biology Page 439
one of the early civilization or early settlement area in North Sulawesi ground. Thus the North Minahasa community has known medicinal plant since a very long time. Klabat forest is one
of the protected forest area in North Sulawesi is located in North Minahasa district, is the habitat of various animals Kauditan, 2009. There are about 40 of the forest area has been
damaged due to destruction by illegal logging by humans MUC, 2009. Nevertheless, there is potential for potential medicinal plants that have not been studied and unknown scientific
name. Biodiversity of plants and utilization of medicinal plants by the community of North Minahasa, especially villages around the mountain Klabat can be developed into a botanical
teaching materials.
This study aims to obtain scientific data on botanical characteristic species of higher plants that have the potential drug in the slopes Klabat, North Minahasa. Obtain scientific data
utilization plant species found in etnomedikal and its bioactive potential. Find your profile on the drug potentially bioactive plant species used etnomedikal surrounding community as a
medicinal plant. Getting the initial pharmacological toxicity screening potential medicinal plant extracts in plant species used etnomedikal surrounding community as a medicinal plant.
2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Place and Time Research
The research was conducted in 12 villages. Six villages located in the district Dimembe, three villages in the districts Airmadidi and three villages in the district Kauditan, North Minahasa,
North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Research carried out for six months.
2.2. Equipment and Materials
Samples of plants, among others, stems and roots or whole plants. Materials used include: a sample bag, label, ethanol, n-hexane, reagents wagner, perekasi dragendorf, reagent meyer,
HCL, sulfuric acid, cloroform, FeCl3, stationery. Tools used include: tool Phyrex glasses, blender, Carl Zeis Stereomicroscop EVO 40, a digital microscope hirox 3-D, Rotary
evaporator Heidolp, Spectrophotometer UV - Vis Parkin Elmer, eppendorf centrifuge, digital cameras, stationery and books of determination.
2.3. Research Procedure 2.3.1. Study of Etnomedical Plants
Identification of plant species is done by the local name derived from observations and interviews with local people, the results are then identified scientific name. Unknown plant
species scientific name, identified in the Laboratory of Biological Science Faculty of Mathematic and natural Science, State University of Manado. Ethnodirected sampling method
of data collection of medicinal plant materials based on knowledge of a community or ethnic used in this study. According to Friedberg 1993, one of the approaches that are considered
more can reveal the system of public knowledge about medicinal plants, ways of treatment, the use of techniques of medicinal plants and other aspects related to public health is etnosain
approach. Ethno-directed sampling method has several advantages in the study of medicinal plants. This approach is suitable to apply in Indonesia, because Indonesia has a rich
biodiversity and culture are quite high.
2.3.2. Phytochemicals Analysis of Etnomedical Plants
Phytochemical analysis using methods Harborne 1996 with modifications:
Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3
Biology Page 440
a.
Test alkaloids
. A total of 0.1 grams of extract were added 3 ml of chloroform and 3 drops of ammonia. Chloroform fraction was separated and acidified with 10 drops of
2 M H2SO4 acid fraction is taken, then added Meyer and Wagner reagents. Presence of alkaloids characterized by the formation of a white precipitate by pareaksi Meyer
and brown precipitate by Wegner reagents. As a comparison using tapak darah plant.
b.
Test saponins and flavonoids
. A total of 1 gram of extract included in the beaker is then added 100 ml of hot water and boil for 5 minutes, then filtered and the filtrate
was used for testing. Whipped saponin test performed with 10 ml of the filtrate in a closed test tube for 10 seconds and then left to stand for 10 minutes. Presence of
saponins is shown by the formation of froth foam stable. A total of 10 ml of the filtrate were added 0.5 grams of magnesium powder, 2ml of alcohol carbohydrates
HCL mixture of 37 ethanol and 95 in the ratio 1: 1 and 20 ml of amyl alcohol is then shaken strongly. The formation of red, yellow and orange in the lining of
amyl alcohol showed flavonoids.
c.
Tanin test
. A total of 0.1 grams of the extract was added 2 mL of water and then boiled for a few minutes. Then filtered and the filtrate was added 1 drop of FeCl3
1 w v. Dark blue or greenish black showed the presence of tannins. d.
Test Triterpenoid and steroids
. A total of 0.1 grams of extract plus 2 mL of 30 ethanol and then heated and filtered. The filtrate was evaporated and then added
ether 1: 1. Ether plus Lieberman Burchard reagent 3 drops of acetic acid anhydride and 1 drop of concentrated H2SO4. Red and green colors indicate the presence of
triterpenoids and green colors indicate the presence of steroids.
2.4 Data Analysis Techniques
