Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3
Biology Page 472
Histopathological study results antilihtiasis activity of
Athertocarpus altilis
leave in male rats were presented in Fig. 1-4. Histopathological studies of kidneys clearly revealed that the
tissue from control group shows tubules with single epithelia lining along the margin and were of normal size Fig 1.
Fig 1. Normal control Fig 2. Litiathic control
Fig.3. Extract 150 mgkg BW Fig.4. Extract 300 mgkg BW
Fig. 1 - 4. Histopathological study results antilihtiasis activity of Athertocarpus altilis leave in male rats
In this experiment, kidney from animals treated with ethylene glycol turned out to cause damage to the glomerulus and renal tubules are characterized by the infiltration of
inflammatory cells into the tubular lumen. Epithelial cells undergo disquamasion even lost cell nucleus as well as the deposition of microcrystals in the kidney tubules. Podosit cells in
the corpus experiencing renal atrophy even lost of nucleus which is characterized by cells began to shrink with a darker color. A similar trend is also seen in the renal capsule, wherein
the capsular epithelial cells undergo atrophy and desquamation are characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tubular lumen Fig 2. Treated with extract
Athertocarpus altilis
leave showed characters similar to the normal Fif 3, 4.
4. Discussion
In the present study, male rats were selected to induce urolithiasis because the urinary system of male rat resemble that of human Vermeulen, 1962, and also deposition in female rats
significantly less Prasad
et al
., 1993. The use of ethylene glycol to stimulate the formation of urolithiasis in this study, because ethylene glycol is a nephrotoxic agent that is often used
Proceedings of MatricesFor IITTEP – ICoMaNSEd 2015
ISBN: 978-602-74204-0-3
Biology Page 473
in an animal model experiments with rats to stimulate the formation of calcium oxalate in kidney. Ethylen glycol is absorbed and metabolized in the liver by the enzyme alcohol
dehydrogenase or aldehyde dehydrogenase into glycolic acid is oxidized to glioksalat which further oxidized to oxalic acid by the enzyme glycolic or lactic dehydrogenase. Oxalate
oxidase is the trigger hiperoksalouria. Oxalate metabolic compounds can bind to calcium in the blood to form crystals of calcium oxalate and settles in the kidneys Palmar
et al
., 2011. In this experiment, ethylene glycol turned out to cause damage to the glomerulus and renal
tubules are characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tubular lumen. Epithelial cells undergo disquamation even lost cell nucleus as well as the deposition of
microcrystals in the kidney tubules. Schaldt
et al
. 1998 and Mekap
et al.
2011 suggested that the histological kidney lithiasis with ethylene glycol rats showed atrophy in the
glomerulus and the deposition of crystals, dilated tubules, degeneration of the lining epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells into interstitial space Sathish
et al
., 2010. In this experiment, ethanol extract of
Artocarpus altilis
showed improvement of kidney tissue toward normal. Progressively decreased of the uric acid, ureum and creatinine serum content
in ethylene glycol animals after treated with
Artocarpus altilis
leave for 14 days, were repair the kidney tissue close to normal limits. Flavonoid content as much as 30 contained in the
Artocarpus altilis
leave proved useful as an anti-inflammatory and improve the performance of renal. With the increased performance of the kidneys will balance the crystallization
inhibitor and promoter of urine and affect the nucleation, aggregation and crystal growth Pareta
et al
., 2011; Yadav
et al
., 2011. The utilization of medicinal plants are very potent because it has low side effects compared to modern drugs. In addition, it can reduce the
recurrence rate diuretic activity Barry, 1991 so as to remove kidney stones by increasing urinary volume. Diuretic activity helps increased urine volume, pH and the activity of anti-
calcification, crystallization inhibitory activity by balancing factor inhibitors and promoters of crystallization in the urine. Medicinal plants also regulate the metabolism of oxalate to
maintain a balance between the crystal-forming inhibitor and promoter and has antioxidant activity, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory, analgestik Kore
et al
., 2012, improved kidney function, regulate the metabolism of oxalate, regulate the balance of crystalloid and
colloid how to improve function kidneys. Thus preventing recurrence of kidney stones. The antioxidant activity of renal tissue repair and cell integrity, antimicrobial activity due to the
anti-infective activity against the causative organism Pareta
et al.,
2011. The increases in urinary uric acid excretion were observed in urolithiatic rat. Increased excretion of uric acid
has been reported in stone former and hyperoxaluric. Uric acid interferes with calcium oxalate solubility and it binds and reduces the inhibitory activity of glycosaminoglycans. The
predominace of uric acid suggests its primary role in stone formation. Treatment with
Athertocarpus altilis
leave lowered uric acid in blood serum and reduces the risk of stone formation.
5. Conclusion
