39 materials after it had been revised based on the result of the materials evaluation
questionnaire. Furthermore, this study adapted RD cycle as the framework to decide the ideal order for Kemp’s steps. Due to the flexibility of Kemp’s steps, the
steps suggested in this study are not meant to be obligatory. The writer would not use all the eight steps of Kemp’s model but the writer would adapt the steps of
Kemp’s model design. Each step is elaborated on the following explanation. The explanation is
as follows:
1. Research and Information Collecting
Research and information collecting aimed to obtain as much information as possible. The information gathering involved one of Kemp’s steps, which is
identifying learners’ characteristics. In this step, the writer collected the underlying theories in the field of ESP, Communicative Language Teaching,
Task-Based Language Teaching, and the learners’ characteristics as well as their needs in order to support the study. The writer collected all the data from books,
internet, and theses. Then, the writer moved toward the literature review through questionnaire and interview. The writer collected the information by giving
questionnaire to, and interviewing the staff of Taman Wisata Candi Prambanan. The pre-design questionnaire aimed to ascertain learners’ needs, lacks, interests of
the topics in learning English, and learners’ characteristics. The interview was also conducted to know learners’ needs, lacks, interests in terms of the topics in
learning English, learners’ characteristics, and some information related to Taman Wisata Candi Prambanan
.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
40
2. Planning
After the writer got information from the first step, the writer made a plan to develop the materials. This included making the framework of the design based
on Task-Based Language Teaching as the approach. This step involved two steps of Kemp’s instructional design model: stating goals, topics, general purposes; and
specifying learning objectives.
3. Develop Preliminary Form of Product
The next step is developing a preliminary form of the product. Here, the writer started to design the materials based on the result of questionnaire and
interview. In making the materials, the writer focused on learners’ needs, lacks, characteristics and interests in learning English. In this step, the Kemp’s step of
listing subject content and selecting teachinglearning activities and resource were conducted. Each of the organized subject contents was developed into learning
materials.
4. Preliminary Field Testing
