The communicative functions are expressing wishes, congratulating, agreeing on something, apologizing, thanking, giving compliments, criticizing indirectly,
saying bad words, and joking.
h. Creating Comfort
This function aims to make others comfort when they share anything. Either speakers or listeners can create it in the interaction. Moreover, Fine 2005:21
emphasizes that people involved in conversation need to make others feel comfortable.
Several communicative functions might be helpful in creating comfort. Those communicative functions are expressing wishes, congratulating, agreeing on
something, apologizing, thanking, giving compliments, criticizing indirectly, saying bad words, joking, pacifying, and encouraging. Therefore, by applying
such communicative functions, people can make others feel a comfortable situation in conversation.
i. Expressing Empathy
This function is to make people understand one’s feelings. Empathy aims to demonstrate attentiveness by feeling what others are feeling Fukushima and
Haugh, 2014:2. In other words, sharing feelings can make people know and imagine t
he situation of one’s feelings. To achieve this function, people need to be good listeners. They can also
produce several communicative functions. Those are expressing wishes, congratulating,
agreeing on something, apologizing, thanking,
giving compliments, criticizing indirectly, saying bad words, joking, pacifying,
encouraging, and sympathizing. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
j. Expressing Friendship or Camaraderie
This function aims to encourage other people, give arguments, and share common interests and experiences. Gabor and Power 2011:124 explain that
“friends can be allies, supporters, or sympathizers who give encouragement, feedback, honest opini
ons, and usually a lot advice”. Therefore, this function can make people start or maintain their friendship.
In addition, this function serves a feeling of friendly relationship to acquaintances or friends. People can apply several communicative functions in
conversation. Those are
expressing wishes, congratulating,
agreeing on something, apologizing, thanking, giving compliments, criticizing indirectly,
saying bad words, mocking, joking, pacifying, encouraging, and sympathizing.
k. Expressing Respect or Deference
Expressing respect or deference aims to respect each other in conversation. In this sense, Scollon and Scollon 2001:54 emphasize that people might treat each
other differently. Moreover, Scollon and Scollon 2001:54 also argue that expressing respect is for people who do not know each other well.
However, phatic communication is generally to express respect a person with a higher status Schriffin, 1994. All in all, it can be stated that one can express
respect to a higher status or unknown people. In this regard, this function deals with several communicative functions of phatic communication. They are
expressing wishes, congratulating, agreeing on something, apologizing, thanking, giving compliments, criticizing indirectly, joking, pacifying, encouraging, and
sympathizing. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
