4 Implementation
At this stage, design and methodes that have been developed are implemented in a real situation, that is in the class.
5 Evaluation
After methods are applied then beginning evaluation is conducted to give feedback on model appliednext methods. The results of the
evaluation are used to provide feedback to the user modelsmethods. Revisions were made in accordance with the results of the evaluation
or needs that have not been met by the modelnew method.
d. 4D Model
In Endang Mulyatiningsih 2012: 195, 4D model explaining development stages are as follows:
1 Define
Thiagrajan 1974 analyzing 5 activities are conducted in define stages as follows:
a Front and analysis
In this stage, researchers are conducting beginning diagnosis to increase efficiency and efectivity of learning.
b Learner analysis
In this stage, researchers learn about students ’s
characteristics, such as: ability, learning motivation, experience background, etc.
c Task analysis
Teachers analyzing main task that have to control by students, so students can achieve minimum competency.
d Concept analysis
Analyzing concepts that will be taught, arranging stages that will carried out rationally.
e Specifying instructional objectives
Writting learning objectives, behavior changing that expected after learning
2 Design
In design stage, researchers have been made beginning product prototype or product design. In the context of learning model
development, this stage is preparing model conceptual framework and learning devices materials, media, evaluation tools also simulating
model usage and learning device in small scope. Before the draft design products continue to next stage, design of products models,
textbooks, etc. need to be validated. Based on validation results, there is possibility that product design still needs to be improved in
accordance with validator suggestion. 3
Develop
