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other observers do in other fields. It means that, the observation results support and complement the results of other data gathering technique in this research.
In the research, the observation was done by both the evaluators of the materials and the researcher as the practitioner of the materials in the
implementation. The evaluators will given enough time to observe the materials, so that they can give developing comments and suggestions for the better version
of the materials. Meanwhile, in the materials implementation, the researcher observe students’ behavior and also difficulties toward the using of materials in
the classroom.
d. Test
Implementing test in the research has two purposes. The first one was to obtain the learners’ English proficiency and the second one was to validate
whether the learners can successfully achieve the objectives of the materials or not.
According to Brown 2004, “a test is a method of measuring a person’s abi
lity, knowledge, or performance in a given domain” p. 3. Test, in the research, was conducted through pre-test and post-test. It would be used to
measure students’ ability before and after joining the English course. Moreover, Gall et. al. 2007 state that:
A test is any structured performance situation that can be analyzed to yield numerical scores, form which inferences can be made about
how individuals differ in the performance construct measured by test p. 193.
The results of the tests in determining the success of the learning
objectives would be used as the guideline for the researcher to revise the materials as well as become reflection after the materials were being implemented. The
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analysis of the test results can determine students’ strength and weakness as the test cover four English skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing skill.
2. Data Gathering Instruments
After recognizing the data gathering technique afforded in the previous section, this section provides the data gathering instruments. There are
questionnaire as the instrument of the survey, interview protocol as the instrument of the interview, field notes as the instrument of the observation, and test
worksheet as the instrument of the test.
a. Questionnaire
Distributing q uestionnaire is aimed at gathering the learners’
characteristics, experiences, perceptions, and needs toward both the English usage at their workplace and the designed materials. Ary et al. 2002 state that:
Questionnaire is designed for self-administration and it is possible to include a large number of subjects as well as subjects in more-
diverse locations. Respondents also feel free to give their opinions and do not feel reluctant to express points of view p.421
Distributing the questionnaire was aimed at providing an effective and
efficient way to gather the data due to the large amount of the participants. In designing the questionnaire, the researcher has consulted the questionnaire with
the researcher’s supervisor to maintain the effectiveness of the statements that
were given. Mackay Mountford 1978 suggest that “if a questionnaire is to be
used, the teacher must determine what kind of information about what he requires and design questions to elicit the information” p. 21. Outlining the questionnaire
was done also in order to see the portion of the topics that are being given to the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
