substitution is for reducing repetition which somehow will be impacted for the readers to feel bored because of the use of the words repetition.
c. Ellipsis
Ellipsis is a little bit different from the substitution. Even the purpose is the same with the previous kind of co-text, which is to avoid repetition;
ellipsis‟s way is to omit the repetitious and unnecessary words. “He is afraid of you,” Yossarian said. “He‟s afraid
you‟re going to die of pneumonia.” “He‟d better be afraid,” Chief White Halfoat said. A deep low laugh
rumbled through his massive chest. “I will, too, the first chance I get. You just wait and see.”
Heller‟s Catch 22, www.goodreads.comauthorquotes3167.Joseph-
Heller
The omission used in the text above is place in the last direct speech “I will, too.” The proper sentence will be “I will die of pneumonia too.”
Therefore, the words omitted are “die of pneumonia”.
ii. Lexical Cohesion
Lexical cohesion is the cohesive effect achieved by the selection of vocabulary Halliday, 1976. There are four kinds of lexical cohesion. Repetition,
superordinates, synonyms, and general words belong to it.
a. Repetition
This is the most common form from the lexical cohesion. We can put example from the short story of “Chrysanthemum”.
The child put the pale chrysanthemums to her lips, murmuring:
„Don‟t they smell beautiful‟ Her mother gave her a short laugh.
„No.‟ She said, „not to me. It was chrysanthemums when I married him, and chrysanthemums when you were born,
and he first time hey ever brought him home drunk, he‟d got brown chrysanthemums in his button-
hole.‟ The aim of using repetition in the text above is to emphasize the
meaning of chrysanthemums for the character, and this has no disadvantage of make the text boring, because the main purpose
is to make a focus point of what the author or the writer wants to tell about.
b. Synonyms
Synonyms are the use of another word that means the same or almost the same. For example, some use phrase watching over
instead of keep an eye.
c. Superordinates
It is an „umbrella‟ or general terms of certain things. For example, blackbird for bird.
d. General Words
General word is the umbrella term that can cover almost everything. This can be general nouns such as „thing‟, „stuff‟,
„place‟, „person‟, „woman‟, „man‟, and so on. The important of using co-text is intended in the form of the text, which is in
this study used form of comic. The co-text helps the references of the onomatopoeic words refer to what it points to.
