Group C sentences Group A sentences
1.3 Group C sentences
Sentence Core elements 29 sky, a long time, has not, rained, corn, not grownot get big, father, angryvexed 30 every day, in the fields, worked, skin, gotmade, black, look like, charcoal 31 drank, liquor, much, with, someone else, foughthit, hurt, returned home 32 cutharvest, rice, whenat the time, many, grasshoppers, in the fields, children, catch 33 almosttwo days, New Year, mother, early, rose, cook, sticky rice, pound, sticky rice cakes 34 our home, raise, six, henschickens, often, lay eggs, every day, gettake, several, eggs 35 children, pool, by the sideon the banks, played, not pay attention, fell, almost, died 36 last night, dreamt, on the mountaininto the forest, hunt, a tiger, chased, scaredfrightened 37 yesterday, picked, prickly ash, hand, pricked, stillcontinued, a big bag 38 climbed, up a tree, picked, very many, sweet, fruit, gave as gift, pretty, girl 39 don’t, disturb, PROG, studyingreading a book, finished, with, play 40 carry in arms, a childbaby, putabandon, maternal uncle, home, doorway, didn’t have, raise 41 3PL, asked, carry on back, basket, elder sister, home, be at, where 42 if, next time, see, bullyfight with, someone else, punishaskmake, wash bowls, one month Total number of core elements for Group C: 112 2 SY Shuiyao, Southern RTT core elements2.1 Group A sentences
Sentence Core elements 1 killed, a pig, fat, refineextract, oil, enough, eat, one month 2 maternal aunt, fell ill, atetook, a little, medicine, better, work 3 took to pasture, cattle, not, pay attentionwatch well, ate, someone else, things, pay compensation 4 not able, swim, couldn’t reach, opposite bank, not with, other people3PL, play 5 aton, the road, saw, a snake, about towant to, hitstrikekill, bite, one mouthful 6 went, pool, catch, many, fish, gotsnipped, chives, make a dish 7 took, treasure gold and silver, buried, in the ground, other people, didn’t know, stolen 8 an old man, sonchild, clever, only him, studygo to university 9 chop, firewood, foot, four people, carrylift up, takego to, look at wound 10 roast, sweet potatoes, burnt, no one, eat, adultparents, said, a pity, throw away 11 salty, sour, spicy, not eat, likelove, sweet, teeth, all fell out 12 heard people say, tomorrow, rain, take, umbrella, soaking wet, get sickcatch a cold 13 still not, knowmet, wife, go to, very far, seek, moneywork 14 want, on the roof, left side, ladderstairs, long, from there Total number of core elements for Group A: 1022.2 Group B sentences
Parts
» e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Introduction and objectives e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Background e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Previous research on the Sui language
» Research findings e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Origins of the Sui people and their migratory history
» Sandong SD Shuigen village, Sandong district Zhonghe ZH Hezhai hamlet, Zhonghe village
» Tangzhou TZ Meiyu village, Tangzhou district Antang AT Antang village, Tangzhou district
» Tingpai TP Xinyang village, Tingpai township Dujiang DJ Zenlei village, Dujiang township
» Banliang BL Banliang village, Tangzhou district Jiaoli JL Gaorong village, Jiaoli district
» Proto-Sui: A questionable hypothesis
» Lack of thorough and reliable reconstructions Debate over prosodic form of the proto language
» Difficulty in identifying cognates and loanwords
» Data and conventions e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Summary of argument Background
» Shared tonal developments in Yang’an Sui and Kam
» Shared tonal developments in Pandong, Western, Yang’an Sui and Kam
» Unique tonal developments in Southern Sui
» Summary Discussion Divergent tonal development in Sui dialects
» Merger of entering tones in Jiaoli JL, Pandong Merger of Tones 7 and 8 in Shuiyao SY, Southern
» Sui “voiced-high” tone value distinctiveness: An areal feature
» Tone 6 Variation in Sui phonetic tone values
» Summary of findings e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Introduction e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Prenasalised voiced stops Onsets
» Palatalised onsets From onsets to rimes: Palatalisation, labialisation and glides
» Labialised onsets From onsets to rimes: Palatalisation, labialisation and glides
» PKS -e and -ai partial merger in Tangzhou TZ PKS -
» Yang’an Shared diachronic innovations and Sui subgrouping
» Southern Central, Western, Eastern and Pandong
» PKS retentions shared by all Sui dialects Late sound changes shared by all Sui dialects
» Phonetic variation Background e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Selection of data for comparison
» Method of determining lexical similarity
» Sui and Kam Lexical similarity counts
» Sui dialects Lexical similarity counts
» Pandong Sui dialect variants
» Yang’an Sui dialect variants
» Dialect variants shared by Pandong and Yang’an Sui Southern Sui dialect variants
» Differences in semantic range
» Semantic shift due to lexical replacement
» Semantic differences due to differences in physical environment
» SD and JQ: A lexical and semantic crossover region Semantic change: Conclusion
» Conclusion e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Introduction Background: Dialectometry and Levenshtein distance LD
» Calculating Levenshtein distance Methodology
» Selection of Sui and Kam data for comparison
» Pre-processing of Sui and Kam data
» LD calculated using narrow, phonetic transcriptions
» LD calculated using broad, phonemicised transcriptions
» Sandong SD and Zhonghe ZH: the most representative varieties Cluster determinants
» Results of Sui and Kam dialect comparison
» Conclusions Introduction e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Measuring intelligibility e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Recorded Text Test RTT: Story question and answer method
» Word recognition tests Sentence completion tests
» Sentence translation tests Content question and answer tests
» Towards a new methodology: The sentence retelling L2 test
» Designing the sentences Methodology
» Translating and recording the sentences Designing the tests
» Administering the tests sampling and procedures
» Scoring the tests Methodology
» Intelligibility of Central Sui GC Intelligibility of Southern Sui SY
» Intelligibility of Yang’an Sui LW Intelligibility of Pandong Sui PD
» Methodology critique e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Visualisations Dialect clusters indicated by wordlist analysis
» Group B e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Group A e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Group C e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Group A sentences Group B sentences
» Group C sentences Group A sentences
» Group B sentences Group C sentences
» Initials Finals Tones Sound changes according to age strata
» Initials Finals Tones e book 66 Castro Sui Dialect
» Initials Finals Tones Sound changes according to age strata Initials
» Finals Tones Sound changes according to age strata Initials
» Finals Tones Sound changes according to age strata Initials Finals
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