For example: SE:
“Aku mekar bersama mereka dan belum menghadirkan lukisan indah di rumah mereka
.” TE:
“I haven’t had the chance to make my grandparents happy.” It is categorized as compression because the translator omitted the unnecessary
information in the source text. However, it does not decrease the message of source text.
f. Description
This technique aims to replace the source text by explaining or describing rather than change the equivalence words.
For example: SE
: “Gudheg yang sedang kunikmati mengingatkanku pada suasana Jogja begitu manis.”
TE : “Traditional food from Yogyakarta I was eating reminds me to the
atmosphere of that city, so sweet.” The underlined word of source text is translated by the translator using description. It
aims to give understanding to the target readers that Gudheg is traditional food from Yogyakarta which has sweet taste as well as Yogyakarta.
g. Equivalence
It refers to a strategy which is used to describe the same situation by ‘using
completely different stylistic or structural method’ for producing ‘equivalent texts’.
For example: SE:
“ sambil menyelam minum air” TE
: “ killing two birds with one stone” Equivalence technique is commonly used by translator in translating idiom. As every
country sometimes has different idiom from another, idiom should not be translated literal. To make the target text understandable by the readers, the translator has to
translate the source text as equivalent as the target text. It will be easier for the translator to translate idiom with the same the meaning of idiom that exists in the
target text.
h. Explicitation
Explicitation, according to Guerra 2012:10, is similar to expansion, amplification and diffusion. It refers to the additional information that appears in the
target text. In other words, this technique introduces new element or information which is not explained in the source text, for instance:
SE: Ia yang tak bisa bernyanyi selalu fals adalah cermin keluguan, kesederhanaan, dan kelembutan hati.
TE: She couldn’t sing when she did sing, she would always hit a false note
and she was the reflection of naivete, humbleness, and purity.”
To emphasize the message of source text, the translator gives more information in the target text. In the aftermath, the sense of target text is stronger than the source text.
However, it does not change the information delivered by the author.
i. Generalization
Its purpose in translating is to replace the source text into a more general target text.
For example: SE
: “Termenung di atas becak, melihat matahari menyongsongkan sinarnya sekedar untuk menghangatkan alam ini.
” TE
: “Plunged in thought on the vehicle, seeing the sunlight covering, this nature becomes warmer.”
Since becak is merely available in the target text, the translator translated into a word more general which is vehicle. Furthermore, the translation technique used is
categorized as generalization.
j. Literal Translation
